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The effect of different levels of settleable solids on water quality and performance of Pacific white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei)
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Mohammad Hossein Khanjani    |
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Abstract: (86 Views) |
Background and Objectives: Aquaculture, as a source of supply, plays a significant role in food security. The use of new technologies in aquaculture that pursue the goals of sustainable aquaculture has attracted the attention of farmers. Biofloc technology is a new technology in aquaculture in which bacteria play a major role in improving water quality and producing supplementary feed. Managing settleable suspended solids is important for farmers to improve the performance of their aquaculture system. Pacific white shrimp is an important aquaculture species in the country, and its cultivation plays an important role in creating employment and generating foreign exchange.The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of different levels of settleable solids on water quality, growth performance, and biochemical quality of body composition of Pacific white shrimp.
Methods: Pacific white shrimp postlarvae with an average weight of 79.50±14.8 mg were transferred to the Bandar Kolahi marine shrimp hatchery located in Minab, Hormozgan province for testing. Twelve fiberglass tanks were filled with 140 liters of water purified by sand filtration, and then 140 postlarvae (with a biomass of 1 ind./L) were stored in each tank and tested for 28 days. Four experimental treatments were considered, including a control group (with water exchange, settleable solids less than 1 ml/L), and three biofloc treatments with different amounts of settleable solids (less than 5 ml (SS1), 5 to 10 ml (SS2), and more than 10 ml/L (SS3).
Findings: According to the results, the dissolved oxygen and pH decreased with increasing settleable solids. The lowest dissolved oxygen (45.5 mg/L) was observed in the afternoon in the SS3 treatment and the lowest pH in the biofloc treatments was observed in the afternoon in the range of 8.13-8.16. The highest total ammonia nitrogen (0.51 mg/L), the highest nitrite (4.85 mg/L), and the lowest nitrate (3.29 mg/L) were observed in the control group.The results of growth performance show that the final weight of shrimp, growth rate, and biomass increase in treatments SS1 and SS2 are higher than the control group and SS3, and show a significant difference (P<0.05). The lowest survival rate (65.47%) was observed in treatment SS3. The lowest feed conversion ratio (2.48) and the lowest feed efficiency (40.96%) were obtained in the SS3 treatment, which indicates that the increase in settleable solids reduces the growth performance, survival and feed efficiency. The results of body biochemical composition show that the lowest amount of protein (74.66% of dry weight) and lipid (6.10% of dry weight) and the highest amount of body ash (14.09% of dry weight) were obtained in the SS3 treatment.
Conclusion: The results show that settleable solids affect growth performance and body composition of Pacific white shrimp. With increasing settleable solids in the culture medium, growth performance (final weight, specific growth rate) and biochemical quality of body composition (protein and lipid) decrease. The most suitable performance of Pacific white shrimp was obtained at settleable solids up to 10 ml/L. |
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| Keywords: Pacific white shrimp, settleable solids, growth performance, water quality |
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Type of Study: Research/ Original/ Regular Article |
Subject:
Fisheries and Aquaculture
Received: 2025/03/29 | Revised: 2025/09/3 | Accepted: 2025/09/6
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