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Geopolitical maritime expansionism from the 19th to the 21st century
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Hamidreza Mohammadi   , Mohsen Azizzadeh Tasouj |
| Shahid Beheshti University , m.azizzadeh@modares.ac.ir |
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Abstract: (86 Views) |
Background and Theoretical Foundations: The importance of the sea and coasts and their role in the geopolitics of the world is undeniable and it is necessary to pay attention to it. The plan of power development (winning the war at sea) means challenging and risking a serious conflict with another sea power is established. This article examines four case studies, three of which study the naval ideals of the great nationalist powers of the 19th and 20th centuries, and one case study examines China's recent ambition to achieve naval capabilities and the desire to become a great world power. This research focuses on the maritime nationalism of these countries in the context of their distinct geopolitical conditions and the challenges of their continental security interests, and explains the failures of the maritime expansionism of France and Germany; And in relation to the single case of China, it studies the material and nationalistic sources of China's maritime ambitions. It also analyzes China's recent naval expansionism in the context of China's post-Cold War geopolitical context, considers the prospect of China's success, and examines its implications for major powers such as the United States.
Methodology: This research is practical in terms of type and has been discussed with the method of historical comparative analysis.
Findings: This research suggests that maritime nationalism, as opposed to "realistic strategic considerations or an unrelenting drive for security or immediate national security interests," drives costly revisionist incentives and counter-strategic maritime achievements that divert attention from realistic policymaking. That is, this strategy (maritime nationalism) often contributes to the failure of important strategies.
Conclusion: Nationalist movements explain not only the costly failures of French and German naval ambitions discussed in this article, but also the failed naval ambitions of France in the early 19th century during the Napoleonic Wars, Russian naval ambitions in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Japanese naval ambitions In 1930, it also explains and concludes the naval ambitions of the Soviet Union in the 1970s and 1980s. |
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| Keywords: Sea, expansionism, great powers, geopolitics. |
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Type of Study: Research/ Original/ Regular Article |
Subject:
Marine Management / Geopolitic
Received: 2024/08/30 | Revised: 2025/01/22 | Accepted: 2025/01/20
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