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The role of green finance, income distribution, and human capital in creating a cleaner environment for marine ecosystems
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Abolghasem Golkhandan    |
| Department of Economic, Lorestan University, Khoram Abad, Iran. , golkhandana@gmail.com |
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Abstract: (44 Views) |
ackground and Theoretical Foundations: Encouraging green finance and expanding funding opportunities for projects that promote sustainable fishing practices and technologies is an important step in reducing pressure on marine resources. Also, understanding the dynamics of the relationship between income inequality and marine environmental quality is important and essential for strategic planning and the implementation of practical measures that ensure the sustainability of fishing activities, reduce ecological pressure, and promote social justice. In addition, as the level of human capital increases, environmental awareness and adherence to environmental laws increase to preserve marine resources. Accordingly, the main objective of this study is to investigate and determine the type of impact of green finance, income distribution, and human capital on the marine environment quality and the granger causality relationship between these variables in nine developing Asian fisheries-producing countries during the period 2004-2022.
Methodology: This study is of a descriptive-analytical type, in which the green finance index, Gini coefficient, human capital index and its square are used as independent variables of the model, the fishing grounds load capacity factor (FGLCF) index is used as a clean marine ecosystem index and the dependent variable of the model, and economic growth, its square, total population and fishery production are used as control variables of the model in the form of fishing grounds load capacity curve (FGLCC). The estimation of long-term and short-term coefficients of the model variables was carried out using the PMG-ARDL estimator and the investigation of the causal relationship between the variables was carried out based on the Dumitrescu and Hurlin panel causality test.
Findings: The empirical results indicate a small but significant positive effect of green finance and a significant negative effect of income inequality on FGLCF. In the long run, a 1% increase in the green finance index and Gini coefficient changes the FGLCF by about 0.02 and 0.15 percent, respectively. The U-shaped relationship between human capital and FGLCF is also confirmed in the long run. According to other results, population and fishery production have a negative and significant effect on FGLCF and the FGLCC hypothesis is confirmed, meaning an inverted U-shaped relationship between economic growth and FGLCF. The results of the panel causality test also indicate a one-way causality relationship from income inequality and human capital to FGLCF and from FGLCF to the green finance index.
Conclusion: Based on the main results obtained, it can be said that implementing the necessary policies to expand green finance, reduce income inequality, and increase human capital can reduce pressure on marine resources in the countries studied. |
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| Keywords: Green Finance Income Distribution Human Capital Fishing Grounds Load Capacity Factor PMG-ARDL Estimator |
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Type of Study: Research/ Original/ Regular Article |
Subject:
Marine Environment / Marine pollution
Received: 2025/07/16 | Revised: 2026/01/4 | Accepted: 2026/01/4
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