2024-03-29T08:39:01+04:30 http://joc.inio.ac.ir/browse.php?mag_id=21&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
21-711 2024-03-29 10.1002
Journal of Oceanography 1562-1057 2476-6755 doi 2015 6 21 Effect of Initial Stocking Density and Diet Type on Growth Indices and Survival Rate of the Caspain Kutum (Rutilus kutum) Larvae Fatemeh Hassantabar Abolghasem Esmaeili Fereidouni Hossein Ouraji Sedigheh Babaei Firuzeh Hosseini Effect of two initial larval stocking densities (40 and 80 larvae per liter) and two diets (concentrated diet and live food) were evaluated on growth performance indices and larval survival in the first-feeding larvae of the Caspian kutum (Rutilus kutum) in the experimental conditions for four weeks. Results showed that the highest weight gain (mean final weight 56 ± 2 mg) was recorded in larvae fed with concentrated diet at low density (P<0.05). The lowest mortality rates were observed in the group fed live food so that, it varied in a range between 85-91%. However, the specific growth rate in both groups at low and high densities was lower values compared with concentrated diet (P<0.05). The results can be expressed that the first feeding larvae can be cultured with concentrated diet in low larval density (40 per lit). Regarding the importance of survival rate compared to growth rate in kutum larvae, using live food (in the first two weeks) and then concentrated diet (in the next two weeks) for larviculture of kutum are proposed. Kutum Stocking density Live feed Artificial food Growth Survival 2015 4 01 1 9 http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-711-en.pdf
21-712 2024-03-29 10.1002
Journal of Oceanography 1562-1057 2476-6755 doi 2015 6 21 Myctophids: Great Fatty Acids Resources from Gulf of Oman Amir Houshang Bahri majid afkhami m_afkhami82@yahoo.com Maryam Ehsanpour Amin Mokhlesi This study was carried out to extract total lipid of Benthosema pterotum and Sardinella sindensis caught from northern coast of the Gulf of Oman (Iran). Fatty acid composition was determined by capillary gas chromatography. The results showed both species to be rich in palmitic acid (C16:0) and cis-oleic acid (C18:1n9c) of saturated (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), respectively. However, the main polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in the two species were DHA and EPA, respectively. The results of this study showed the high content of fatty acids, specially (ω-3) series in Benthosema pterotum and Sardinella sindensis. Their PUFA profiles are complementary and maybe appropriate for the pharmaceutical and food processing industries to harness this resource and generate specialized drugs or PUFA-enriched food products Fatty acid Benthosema pterotum Sardinella sindensis Gulf of Oman Iran. 2015 4 01 11 17 http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-712-en.pdf
21-713 2024-03-29 10.1002
Journal of Oceanography 1562-1057 2476-6755 doi 2015 6 21 Assessment of Mercury Accumulation in Surficial Sediments of Musa Estuary (Khuzestan Province, Persian Gulf) Sedigheh Babadi sbabadi65@hotmail.com Ali Reza Safahieh Seyed Mohammad Bagher Nabavi Kamal Ghanemi Mohammad Taghi Rounagh This study was done to determine the mercury concentration in the surficial sediments from the Musa Estuary. 5 creeks including Zangi, Jafari, Petroshimi, Ghazaleh and Majidieh were selected and a total number of 9 sediment samples were collected from each creak. Sampling was performed in November 2009. Mercury concentrations were measured by cold vapor atomic absorption spectrophotometer, after digesting of the samples. The mercury concentrations in the sediments ranged from 0.31 to 0.69 µg/g. The highest Hg contents were found in the Petroshimi estuary followed by Majidieh estaury, probably due to the effluent inputs from Bandar Imam Chloralkali petrochemical plant, oil spills and Navigation and shipping related activities. Regarding the contamination factor at regional level, the studied estauries are classified as a considerably polluted area, but at global scale, contamination factor shows low to moderate degree of pollution in them. Sediment Mercury Pollution Musa Estuary Persian Gulf 2015 4 01 19 26 http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-713-en.pdf
21-714 2024-03-29 10.1002
Journal of Oceanography 1562-1057 2476-6755 doi 2015 6 21 The Distribution of Heavy Metals in Surface Sediments of Sisangan Coasts-The Southern Coast of Caspian Sea Hosein Bagheri hosseinbagheri@inio.ac.ir Ali Azimi In this study, concentrations of some heavy metals (Hg, As, Cd, Ni, Pb and Zn) in surficial sediments from Sisangan coasts located in the southern part of the Caspian Sea were studied. Therefore, 12 stations in Sisangan coasts were selected and surface sediments were sampled from 3 points at each station using van veen grab at January 2013. Concentrations of Cd, Pb, Ni and Zn were measured by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry and Hg levels were measured using Cold Vapor Atomic Absorption Spectropotometry. Meanwhile, V and As Concentrations were determined by Graphite Furnace. According to the results, Vanadium had the highest concentration (141.47 μg/g dry weight) and Mercury had the lowest concentration (4 ng/g dry weight) among the studied metals. Mean concentrations of Ni, Pb, Zn, Cd and As were 27.54, 16.18, 80.31, 1.23 and 0.019 μg/g dry weight, respectively. The assessment of biological effects of heavy metal pollution in the area was done, using American and Canadian national guidelines. The results indicated levels of Cd and Ni in surface sediments were higher than the Lowest Effect Level (NOAA Guideline) and Threshold effect level (Canadian Guideline). Whereas Concentrations of other metals were lower than mentioned limits. Pollution Heavy metals Surficial Sediments Sisangan Coasts Caspian Sea. 2015 4 01 27 36 http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-714-en.pdf
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Journal of Oceanography 1562-1057 2476-6755 doi 2015 6 21 The Evolution of International Legal Regime for the Protection of Marine Environment against Land-Based Pollutants from Montego Bay to Cartagena S. Ghasem Zamani Mehrdad Mohamadi mehrdad.university@gmail.com S. Ali Hosseiniazad There are broad and diverse sources for marine pollution. In addition to oil pollution, atmospheric pollution, ship traffic and exploration activities on the sea floor, there are other pollution sources. Although, originating from the land, they are among the most important sources of marine pollution. Waste discharge and disposal of such waste in the sea, creating artificial islands, entering brackish water from desalination devices and ... are examples of these sources. Despite the article 207 of the UNCLOS convention regarding the land-based pollution and due to an increasing extent and intensity of these emissions, dealing with this issue became a concern for the international community. In fact, general predictions of the UNCLOS were unable to cope with the diversity of the problem, and the rules of general international law were not effective enough. In view of the shortcomings discussed, and with regard to the insistence of international instruments, including the aforementioned Convention on the regional cooperation, we have faced a proliferation of instruments at the regional level, most of which have specifically dealt with the land-based pollution, so that the international environmental law of the seas has experienced a fundamental evolution. This paper aims at reviewing the existing mechanisms in this field, measuring their effectiveness, identifying their possible defects, and providing recommendations on how best to legally protect the marine environment. 1982 Convention on the Law of the Seas Marine environment International law of the seas International environmental law Regional instruments Land-based sources of pollution. 2015 4 01 37 48 http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-715-en.pdf
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Journal of Oceanography 1562-1057 2476-6755 doi 2015 6 21 Determining the Relationship Pattern of Container Trade and Economic Growth of Iran Damoon Razmjooei razmjooei@kmsu.ac.ir Etesam Hamoudi Ports play an influential and determining role in the world trade, such that, about ninety five percent of import and eighty five percent of export are approximately carried through the ports. Identification of variables and effective factors on container trade growth as well as relationship condition between these variables could result in forecasting strategies and activities pertaining to development of this trade. The prominent issue for container terminals is performing the activities in a way that economic and social goals are satisfied and put the port into its best beneficial condition. Foundation of this research is determining a relationship between container trade growth and trade development of Iran. In the first part of this reaearch, a reviwe of liturature about world container trade growth and GDP is provided. Then in the second part, analysis and examination of two variables, Gross domestic product (GDP) as one of the main scales of economic growth and rate of container handling in Iran are clarified through calculation of correlation coefficient and Regression Analysis. The results of this paper indicated that the relationship between gross domestic product and loading and unloading of containers is positive and direct correlation type. Iran’s Continer Trade GDP Correlaion rate World trade. 2015 4 01 49 57 http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-716-en.pdf
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Journal of Oceanography 1562-1057 2476-6755 doi 2015 6 21 Prioritizing Major Iranian Sothern Ports Infrastructure Attributes Using Grey Relational Analysis Model Hassan Jafari hassanport53@yahoo.com Homayon Yousefi This study was conducted to survey the status of major southern ports of Iran (Khorramshahr, Abadan, Imam Khomeini, Boshehr, Shahid Rajaee, Shahid Bahonar, and Shahid Kalantari ports) regarding the infrastructure for knowledge management implementation. It was constructed into two phases. In the first phase, analyzing the abtained data from the research questioner and using One Sample T Test, the status of studied ports regarding the required infrastructure for knowledge management implementation (information technology, organizational culture, organizational structure, human resources and management change) was investigated, and the research hypotheses were tested. The obtained results from the first phase indicated that the surveyed ports are not well arranged for the required infrastructure for knowledge management implementation. In second phase, by using grey relational analysis each port is ranked based on those five criteria. Finally, according to grey relational coefficient for surveyed ports, among them, Shahid Rajaee has obtained the highest score and consequently Imam Khomeini, Khorramshahr, Boshehr, Shahid Kalantari, Shahid Bahonar and Abadan ports were ranked subsequently. Prioritizing Infrastructure Attributes Shannon Entropy Ports Grey relational analysis. 2015 4 01 59 69 http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-717-en.pdf
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Journal of Oceanography 1562-1057 2476-6755 doi 2015 6 21 Calculation of Heat Budget in Chabahar and Pozm Bays Abbas Einali abbaseinaly@yahoo.com Vahid Chegini Heat budget is one of the most important issues in sea and ocean researches. Heat budget in the sea involves four components: solar radiation, long wave radiation, direct heat transfer between air and water and heat transfer through evaporation. Meteorological parameters and sea surface temperature are the most effective factors on the Heat budget in sea. In this study, meteorological and sea surface temperature data were used for investigating the heat budget of Chabahar and Pozm bays that have economical impotence in southeast of Iran. Results of this study showed that the annual average of isolation, flux of net long wave radiation, latent heat flux and sensible heat flux in Pozm bay were 231.02, -62.48,- 77.74 , -6.62 W.m-2, respectively and in Chabahar bay were 234, -56.16, -62.43 and -4.98 W.m-2, respectively. In both bays, isolation and sensible heat flux have the highest and the lowest portion in the heat budget, respectively. Annual Average of net heat flux in Pozm and Chabahar bays were calculated +84.17 and +111.07 W.m-2, respectively. So, in this period, (84.17 and 111.07 W.m-2) energy flux flow out by exchanging water of Pozm and Chabahar bays with Gulf of Oman. Isolation Net long wave radiation Latent heat flux Sensible heat flux. 2015 4 01 71 79 http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-718-en.pdf
21-719 2024-03-29 10.1002
Journal of Oceanography 1562-1057 2476-6755 doi 2015 6 21 Effect of Environmental Parameters on Economically Important Copepods in Chabahar Bay in 2007 Neda Fazeli neda_fazeli200@yahoo.com Hamid Rezai Ahmad Savari Rasool Zare Maryam Shahraki This research was conducted the effect of environmental parameters on copepods which are edible food for fish larvae in Chabahar Bay. This research was carried out in 4 seasons, summer 2007, fall 2007, winter 2007 and spring 2008. Copepods were collected at 5 stations via a 100µ mesh by vertical plankton tows. 7 of copepods genera were identified as the most economically important genera due to valuable food. Data showed that environmental parameters have an important effect on the abundance of copepods in which some genera increased or decreased during the year. Abundance of Pseudodiaptomus, Temora and Centropages showed negative correlation with temperature but positive correlation with oxygen dissolved. It may explain why these genera had the highest abundance in winter. Positive relationship between abundance of Oithona and chlorophyll-a showed this genus increases with the increase of phytoplankton. There was no significant relationship between abundance of other genera and environmental parameters Copepods Abundance Environmental parameters Chabahar Bay. 2015 4 01 81 87 http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-719-en.pdf
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Journal of Oceanography 1562-1057 2476-6755 doi 2015 6 21 Cytotoxic Assessment of Extracted Fractions of Sea Cucumber Holothuria parva on Cancer Cell Line (MCF7) and Normal Cells Zahra Ehsanpour Bita Archangi bita.archangi@gmail.com Mona Salimi Mohammad Ali Salari Hosein Zolgharnein Sea cucumbers belong to Echinodermata phylum and Holothuroidea class that include a wide range of marine animals with approximately 1400 species worldwide. So far, the presence of bioactive compounds with antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral and anticancer effects from sea cucumbers has been reported in many research publications. In this research, cytotoxic effects of Holothuria parva extracts and fractions of solvents with different polarity (such as Hexane, Chloroform, Methanol, ddH2O) were studied using cancerous cell line MCF-7 (Breast cancer). Cytotoxicity effects of separated fractions in three independent times (24, 48, 72 Hour) and IC50 values (in range of 0.5-0.00001mg/mL) were evaluated. The best effect between fractions belonged to aqueous fraction and on the MCF-7 cell line in the 72 hour. Therefore, after purification, bioactive compounds derived from this species could be used as a drug candidate for producing anticancer agents. Sea cucumber Holothuria parva Cytotoxicity detection Cell Line Persian Gulf 2015 4 01 89 96 http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-720-en.pdf
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Journal of Oceanography 1562-1057 2476-6755 doi 2015 6 21 Changes in Dietary and Muscle Fatty Acids Composition in Siberian Sturgeon (Acipenser baeri Brandt 1869) Fed with Different Levels of Lecithin Esmaeel Najafipour Moghadam Bahram Falahatkar falahatkar@guilan.ac.ir Mohamadreza Kalbassi Masjed Shahi This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of different dietary levels of lecithin on fatty acid compositions of diets and muscle of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baeri) juveniles. Fish with initial average weight of 32.9 ± 0.3 g were fed 5 times daily with five isoenergetic and isoprotein diets (each with triplicate groups) with different lecithin levels includes 0, 2.5, 7.5 and 10% for 8 weeks. This study showed that using 10% of dietary lecithin significantly increase some fatty acids e.g. C14:0, DHA, EPA, SFA and HUFA (P0.05). Linoleic acid (C18:2n6), showed an increase in fish fed diet containing 2.5% lecithin, but the amount of arachidonic acid (C20:4n6) did not show any differences among the treatments (P>0.05). The results of this study showed positive effect in fatty acids composition of Siberian sturgeon juveniles with supplementation of lecithin in diet. It is recommended to use lecithin more than 2.5% in Siberian sturgeon juvenile diet in this weight range to increase unsaturated fatty acids Lecithin Growth Fatty acids Siberian sturgeon. 2015 4 01 97 105 http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-721-en.pdf
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Journal of Oceanography 1562-1057 2476-6755 doi 2015 6 21 Impact of Salinity, Ammonium and Cytokinin on Biomass and Agar Content of Red Alga Gracilaria corticata Farnaz Rafiee f_rafiei@yahoo.com Parisa Nejatkhah Manavi Nasrin Salman Zadeh Effect of salinity, ammonium and cytokinin on biomass and the content of agar in Gracilaria corticata algae were evaluated in a period of 42 days under laboratory condition. The alga G. corticata was sampled from coasts of Bostaneh port in Hormozgan province in June 2009. The algae were raised in aquariums 40.30.60 cm with 20 liter capacity, by suspension method in 3 replicates under light intensity of 3300 lux and 25oC temperature condition. The algae were cultured under salinities 25, 35 and 45 PPT, ammonium concentrations (0.00, 0.001 and 0.002 gram per liter) and cytokinin (0.01, 0.001 and 0.0001 mol). The algae were harvested once a week and weighted. At 6 weeks of experiments, the algae were collected, dried and weighed. The highest biomass of G. corticata was at 25 PSU (4.58 grams), 0.01 mol cytokinin (14.88 gr) and 0.002 mol ammonium (26.34 gr). Maximum level of agar was observed in ammonium concentration of 0.002 equal to 32.56 percent. The results of this work showed that G. corticata is one of the commercial algae in the world and this alga needs to be cultured near estuaries with high amount of ammonium. Gracilaria corticata Cytokinin Salinity Ammonium Agar 2015 4 01 107 115 http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-722-en.pdf
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Journal of Oceanography 1562-1057 2476-6755 doi 2015 6 21 Changes in Plasma Level of Steroid Hormones (Estradiol 17β, 17α20β Hydroxy Progesteron and Cortisol) and Electrolytes, During Different Stages of Reproductive Cycle in Rutilus rutilus caspicus from Bandar Torkaman (South of Caspian Sea) Maryam Akhoundian m.akhoundian@umz.ac.ir Ahmad Savari Negin Salamat Abdolali Movahedinia Mohammad Ali Salari The present study aimed to evaluate the changes of estradiol-17β (E2) and 17α20β- hydroxy progesterone (17OHP), cortisol and some electrolytes (Ca2+, K+ and Na+) in the plasma of female R. rutilus caspicus during annual reproductive cycle. Plasma level of steroids was measured using RIA, cortisol using ELIZA and electrolytes using flamephotometry technic. The highest plasma level of E2 (147.16±9.01 ng/ml) was measured at the end of vitellogenesis stage of oocytes. On the contrary, maximum plasma level of 17OHP (4.71±0.64 ng/ml) and cortisol (12.67±2.25 ng/ml) was observed in early April just before spawning time. The maximum concentration of Ca2+ was observed during the vitellogenesis stage of oocytes and then decreased when vitellogenesis progressed. The highest level of K+ decreased sharply in maturation stage of oocytes (P>0.05). The results of the present study revealed that changes in plasma levels of steroids and electrolytes were closely correlated to ovarian development during reproductive cycle. Rutilus rutilus caspicus Reproduction cycle Sexual hormones Cortisol Electrolytes Caspian Sea. 2015 4 01 117 126 http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-724-en.pdf
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Journal of Oceanography 1562-1057 2476-6755 doi 2015 6 21 Study of Distribution and Morphological Characters of Alpheus glaber and Alpheus estuarensis Larva Species (Caridea: Alpheidae) in the Mouth of Bahmanshir and Arvand Rivers, (North Persian Gulf) Hosein Akbarian Nasrin Sakhaei nsakhaee@yahoo.com Ahmad Savari Babak Doustshenas The study describes the temporal and spatial distribution of larval stages of two species of Alpheidae from the Bahmanshir and Arvand estuaries in north of the Persian Gulf. Planktonic larvae were collected using 0.45 m diameter plankton net with 300μm mesh size monthly horizontal towing from February 2011 to October 2012. The larval stages illustrated and described in detail for Alpheus glaber and Alpheus estuarensis. The species of larval density was calculated at different stations and months. The most abundant species A. glaber with 110.1 Ind larvae /m3 in May and A. estuarensis 93.1 Ind larvae /m3 were calculated in June. Two new species of Alpheus larvae were first reports of the Iranian coastal water. Also, positive relationship between temperature and salinity with frequency of A. glaber and A. estuarensis were found significantly using spearman correlation coefficients (P< 0.05). Zoea Caridea shrimp Zooplankton Alpheidae Persian Gulf. 2015 4 01 127 136 http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-725-en.pdf