2024-03-29T06:23:11+04:30
http://joc.inio.ac.ir/browse.php?mag_id=17&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
17-514
2024-03-29
10.1002
Journal of Oceanography
1562-1057
2476-6755
doi
2014
5
17
Determination the Lethal Concentration (LC50) of Potassium Dichromate and Behavioral Responses in Epaulet Grouper (Epinephelus stoliczkae)
Parvin
Sadeghi
parvin.sadeghi@gmail.com
Ahmad
Savari
Abdolali
Movahedinia
Alireza
Safahieh
Daniel
Azhdari
The LC50-96h test paradigm is used to measure the susceptibility and survival potential of organisms
exposed to particular toxic substances, such as heavy metals. In this study, the Median Lethal
Concentration (LC50) of potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) during 96 h was determined in Epinephelus
stoliczkae. Six groups of experimental fish (7 fish in each group) with 218±0.5 g weight average and 29.6
cm total length were exposed to different concentration of dichromate potassium (0, 62, 66, 70, 74 and 78
mg/L) for 96 h. The experiments were performed in triplicate (21 fish per each treatment). The
temperature, salinity and pH were continuously measured throughout the experiments that were
27.5±0.50C, 37 ppt and 8.1, respectively. The LC50-96h was determined to be 73.09 mg/L in a static
bioassay test system. Mortality percentage increased with increasing duration of exposure and increasing
chromium concentrations. The behavioral changes observed in Epinephelus stoliczkae in the experiment
period included breathing difficulty, slow down motility, loss of balance, capsizing , swimming on water
surface, gathering around the ventilation filter, increased mucus secretion, bloodshed of gills, mouth and
fish fins and change of body coloration. Acute toxicity effect of potassium dichromate increased with
increasing its concentrations.
Chromium
LC50
Heavy metal
Epinephelus stoliczkae
Behavior
2014
4
01
1
9
http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-514-en.pdf
17-515
2024-03-29
10.1002
Journal of Oceanography
1562-1057
2476-6755
doi
2014
5
17
Isolation and Identification of Bacillus firmus from the Marine Sediments of Imam Khomeini Port and Study Its Ability in Biosorption of Lead
Alireza
Safahieh
Razieh
Lamoochi
raziehlamoochi@yahoo.com
Negin
Salamat
Hajar
Abyar
Using of biosorbents is considered as an inexpensive and convenient method for controling and
removing pollutants from the environment in comparison with physico-chemical methods. In this study,
the indigenous bacterium, which is resistant to lead, was isolated through sampling of surface sediments of
Imam Khomeini Port. The isolated bacterium Bacillus firmus was identified through biochemical tests.
The growth of Bacillus firmus was analyzed at concentrations of 50, 100, 200, 400 and 800 mg/l.
Maximum bacterial growth was observed in 50 mg/l of lead concentration. The bacterium was also able to
grow in high concentrations of lead (800 mg/l) that shows the high resistance of bacterium to lead. The
potential of B. firmus in biosorption of lead was evaluated at concentrations of 50, 100 and 200 mg/l and
the results represented the ability of bacterium in removal of 95 percent of lead from the metal solution.
Therefore, the isolated bacterium is suggested for cleaning metal contaminated sediments, especially leadcontaminated
area located in Imam Khomeini Port.
Lead
Biosorption
Bacillus firmus
Imam Khomeini Port.
2014
4
01
11
19
http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-515-en.pdf
17-516
2024-03-29
10.1002
Journal of Oceanography
1562-1057
2476-6755
doi
2014
5
17
Geochemical Investigation on the Sources and Influences of Heavy Metal Pollution in Fishing Harbours of Ramin and Beris
Mohammad Ali
Hamzeh
hamzeh@inio.ac.ir
Mohammad Hossein
Mahmudi Gharaie
Gholamrasul
Baskaleh
The levels of some heavy metals in sediments of two harbors along the Iranian coasts of thr Gulf of
Oman were investigated in the present study. Sediment samples were taken from 15 stations throughout
the Ramin and Beris harbors in March 2010. Grain size, total organic carbon content and concentration of
heavy metals were determined in sediment samples to assess the extent of contamination level in the area.
The range of concentrations measured in μg.g-1 dry weight were 4-12 for As, 0.01-1.5 for Cd, 17.5-287 for
Cu, 31.6-94.9 for Ni, 11.7-1780 for Pb and 42-547 for Zn. The geo-accumulation index and enrichment
factor showed the degree of pollution in study area as follow: Cu>Zn>Pb>Cd>Ni>As. Data revealed that
high concentrations of Cu, Zn and Ni can pose moderate to severe biological effects in the area.
Reparation and maintenance of fishing boats and ships in semi-closed harbors can be the source of
contamination.
Heavy metals
Pollution
Fishing harbors
Gulf of Oman.
2014
4
01
21
31
http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-516-en.pdf
17-517
2024-03-29
10.1002
Journal of Oceanography
1562-1057
2476-6755
doi
2014
5
17
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Intertidal Surface Sediments of North Pars Special Economic Energy Zone, Bushehr
Ehsan
Abedi
ehsan_abedi@inio.ac.ir
Abolfazl
Saleh
Ali
Mehdinia
Shirin
Rahmanpoor
Iman
Arebi
Roozbeh
Mirza
Hassan
Fooladi
Fatemeh
Ahmadpour
In this study, concentrations and origins of 15 PAHs in intertidal sediments of North Pars Special
Economic Energy Zone were investigated. Samples were collected from 20 stations (during low tide and
randomly) before establishment and running in June 2011. Samples were analyzed by HPLC. Fluoranthene
in Melgonze 2 showed the highest levels of PAHs and Dibenzo[ah]anthracene in Chahpahn 1, Chahpahn
2, Zirahak 1, Kabgan1, Kabgan 2, Kabgan 4, Bordekhon 3, Bordekhon 4, Demeigez 1 and Demigez 2 were
the lowest ones in the study area. Results revealed that there were relatively low levels of ΣPAHs in the
sediments. Sediment in the study area is being subjected to a combination of pyrogenic and peterogenic
with pyrogenic prevalence origin. It could be concluded that in the study area, pollution amounts were
much lower than the compared standards and the potential hazard for benthic assemblages seemed to be
low.
PAHs
Pyrogenic
Peterogenic
Benthic
Intertidal Sediments.
2014
4
01
33
40
http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-517-en.pdf
17-519
2024-03-29
10.1002
Journal of Oceanography
1562-1057
2476-6755
doi
2014
5
17
Reproductive Biology of Sand Whiting, Sillago sihama (Forsskal) in the Persian Gulf (Coastal Waters of Hormozgan Province)
Roghaye
Alizadeh
:roghayeh94@yahoo.com
Ehsan
Kamrani
Mohsen
Safaei
Mohamad
Momeni
The present study aimed to investigate the reproductive biology of sand whiting, Sillago sihama
(Forsskal) (Family: Sillaginidae). Sampling was conducted monthly from the coastal waters of the Persian
Gulf (Hormozgan province), from July 2011 to July 2012. Observations on the seasonal distribution of
maturity stages and variations in seasonal fluctuations in the gonadosomatic index (GSI) confirmed two
spawning peaks in January and March. It was found that female Sillago sihama reach the first sexual
maturity at 14.20 cm. The relationship between total length and total weight for males and females were
W=0.010 L2.855 and W=0.007 L2.973, respectively. The mean of the sex ratio was 1:2.5 (M:F). Fluctuations
in HSI and GSI of female fish showed similar trends.
Reproductive biology
Gonadosomatic index
Hepatosomatic index
Sillago sihama
Persian Gulf.
2014
4
01
41
47
http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-519-en.pdf
17-520
2024-03-29
10.1002
Journal of Oceanography
1562-1057
2476-6755
doi
2014
5
17
Introduction of Scomberid Larvae in Early Life History from Iranian Coastal Waters of the Persian Gulf- Bushehr Waters
Mahnaz
Rabbaniha
rab.mahnaz@gmail.com
The study of marine fish larvae has started from 15 years ago in Iranian waters and the study of fish
larva in Bushehr waters were done in 5 steps. Sampling was done in one year monthly in each step. The
larvae were collected by Bongo-net with 500 μ mesh size from Rocky- Coralline habitat (Nayband Bay
and Kharg and Khargo Island) and were identified in two genera Scomberomorus and Rastrelliger from
Coastal Waters of Bushehr Province with high abundance in summer season. The main characters of this
family were included: large head and eye, myomer (40), heavily pigmented and the principals adjectives of
Scomberomorus were: large and long snout, teeth in early preflexion and spin in pre-operculum and lower
myomer, triangular gut, round and small snout, large and round eye and head without any spin were
specific adjectives in Rastrelliger.
Scomberid larvae
Early Life History
Coastal waters
Persian Gulf.
2014
4
01
49
53
http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-520-en.pdf
17-521
2024-03-29
10.1002
Journal of Oceanography
1562-1057
2476-6755
doi
2014
5
17
Density and Diversity of Cnidarians Medusae (Family: Eirenidae) in Bahrakan Waters (Northwestern Persian Gulf)
Tahmineh
Soltani
soltani.tahmineh@yahoo.com
ahmad
Savari
Nasrin
Sakhaee
Babak
Doostshenas
Abdolmajid
Dowraghi
The purpose of this investigation was to study the density and diversity of Eirenidae in Bahrakan
waters (Northwestern Persian Gulf). The Sampling was conducted in 6 stations, during July, August and
October in 2010 and December, February and April in 2011, using 300μm mesh size plankton net.
Environmental parameters such as salinity, pH, temperature and dissolved oxygen were measured. In this
study, a total of 12 species of medusae were identified. Maximum and minimum densities of medusae
were observed in July and August, respectively. Species such as Eutima variabilis, Tima flavilabris,
Eutima gegenbauri, Eutima gracilis, Eutimalphes sp.1 and Irenium sp.1 were the first report in the Iranian
waters of the Persian Gulf. The result of Correlation showed that the distribution of medusaes has more
correlated with temprature. Analysis variance test were used to show impact of times on medusae
abundance. As a result, medusae abundance showed significant variation in different months. The Shannon
diversity index, ranged between 0.22 and 1.79, was maximum in July.
Cnidarians medusae
Zooplankton
Shannon index
Bahrakan
Persian Gulf.
2014
4
01
55
61
http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-521-en.pdf
17-522
2024-03-29
10.1002
Journal of Oceanography
1562-1057
2476-6755
doi
2014
5
17
Determination of Concentration and Source of n-alkanes in Surface Sediments from Southern Coast of the Caspian Sea (Anzali Port)
Rokhsareh
Azimi Yancheshmeh
Ali Reza
Riyahi Bakhtiari
riahi@modares.ac.ir
Samar
Mortazavi
Surficial sediments from the South-Western coast of the Caspian Sea (Anzali Port) were studied to
determine the concentration and probable source of normal alkanes. In this regard, nine surface samples
were collected and analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Concentrations of
these compounds ranged from 743 to 6146 μg g-1 dw (average 2700 ± 1612 μg g-1 dw). Normal alkenes
with long chain length were dominant in all studied stations. Based on used indices in this study, it was
concluded that n-alkanes in sediments mainly come from petrogenic source, that was included the old oil
spills (significant amount of UCM in all chromatograms) and recent inputs (high values for the ratios of n-
C17/Pr and n-C18/Phy at some sampling sites). However, a contribution of hydrocarbons from higher and
aquatic plants in the study area was observed.
Normal alkane
Sediment
Anzali city
Caspian Sea.
2014
4
01
63
73
http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-522-en.pdf
17-523
2024-03-29
10.1002
Journal of Oceanography
1562-1057
2476-6755
doi
2014
5
17
Isolation of Collagen from Fish Waste Material- Skin, Bones and Fins of Thunnus tonggol
Samira
Hashemi Joukar
hashemisamira27@yahoo.com
Ehsan
Kamrani
Alireza
Salarzadeh
Delaram
Noukhbehzare
This study investigated isolation of collagen from fish waste materials- skin, bones and fins of
Thunnus tonggol. Samples were collected from Bandar Abbas factory. Sampling was done from skin,
bones and fins of T. tonggol at three treatments with three replications. Moreover, humidity, protein, fat
and ash were surveyed. Results showed that humidity and protein amount were high in skin and there were
significant differences between skin with bones and fins at protein (p< 0.05), while there were no
significant differences between skin with bones and fins at humidity (p> 0.05). The present study showed
that amino acid of Glysin was dominant at skin, bones and fins of T. tonggol. Results showed that the rate
of amino acid of hydroxiproline (collagen indicator) in skin was more than in bones and fins (p< 0.05).
This means that there are more collagen in T. tonggol skin than in bones and fins (p< 0.05). Results of the
SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS- PAGE) showed that there were not significant differences
between skin with bones and fins at a pattern of collagen (p> 0.05) and all of them had two chains of α1
and α2.
Collagen
Skin
Fins
Bone
Thunnus tonggol.
2014
4
01
75
82
http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-523-en.pdf
17-524
2024-03-29
10.1002
Journal of Oceanography
1562-1057
2476-6755
doi
2014
5
17
Nutritional Value Evaluation of Two Seaweed of the Gulf of Oman: Sargassum illicifolium and Gracillaria cortica
Mahmoud
Hafezieh
jhafezieh@yahoo.com
Seyed Hassan
Hosseini
Danial
Ajdari
Homeira
Hossein Pour
Studies were conducted to evaluate nutritional qualities of two seaweed, Sargassum illicifolium and
Gracillaria cortica, with a view to their utilization in Shrimp nutrition. The proximate composition,
minerals and vitamin contents, free fatty acid, and amino acid profiles were investigated. Protein and ash
content were the two abundant components in these seaweeds. S. illicifolium and G. cortica contained
9.18±1.15% and 18.29±2.1% Protein and 29.15±3.43%, and 23.11±1.43% ash based on dry weight,
respectively. Both seaweeds contained high amounts of minerals, although both kinds of seaweeds were
notably rich in iodine. S. illicifolium was also rich in potassium, calcium and magnesium, while G. cortica
was rich in other minerals, especially ferrous and copper. Total essential and unessential amino acids (g/
100 g sample) of S. illicifolium and G. cortica were 4.7 and 7.47: 7.67 and 13.8, respectively without any
statistical differences (P>0.05). Results showed both seaweeds had all essential AA which were needed for
shrimp feeding. All saturated FA, Mono unsaturated FA, Di- and more double band unsaturated FA ( mg
/g sample) and DHA/ EPA ratio were 10.87 and 2.76: 1.11 and 0.513: 1.06 and 0.4: 3.66 and 1.33
respectively with differences statistically (P<0.05). Vitamin E, C and Tiamin with amounts of 32.2 and
37.5: 890 and 1200: 45 and 71 (mg/ 100 feed) in S. illicifolium and G. cortica respectively showed
differences between these two seaweeds statistically (P0.05). Both seaweeds showed their potential of
being healthy food for shrimp diets or as a source of ingredients with high nutritional values.
S. illicifolium
G. cortica
Nutritional value
Gulf of Oman.
2014
4
01
83
90
http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-524-en.pdf
17-525
2024-03-29
10.1002
Journal of Oceanography
1562-1057
2476-6755
doi
2014
5
17
The Study of Relationship between Environmental Parameters and Coral Reefs Distribution: A Case Study at Kish Island
Seyed Hassan
Mousavi
Mohammad Reza
Shokri
Hadi
Poorbagher
Afshin
Danehkar
a_danehkar@yahoo.com
In this study, the relationship between environmental parameters and the distribution of coral reefs in
Kish Island (Persian Gulf, Iran) were considered and the most important parameters were identified.
Environmental parameters, including depth, water temperature, salinity, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, pH
and chlorophyll-a were recorded by CTD at 30 stations during summer 2010. Also, at each station, the
sediment grain size was determined by sampling, seabed slope was extracted from the bathymetric map
and current velocity was obtained from the wave modeling project in Iran. The differences between
environmental factors were analyzed by ANOVA and then identified the most important factors
influencing in the distribution of coral reefs by Principal Components Analysis (PCA) test. The result of
ANOVA showed that there is a significant variation (P<0.05) in the water depth, dissolved oxygen, and
the bottom slope between coral and non-coral regions. According to the PCA result, three independent
components (PC) were identified that had 73.157 % of the total variations. Also, the result showed highest
correlation between turbidity, depth and chlorophyll-a with PC1, salinity, bottom type and bottom slope
with PC2, and water temperature and dissolved oxygen with PC3, respectively. The results from present
study showed significant variation between aforementioned parameters with distribution of coral reefs in
Kish Island.
Environmental Parameters
Coral Reefs
PCA
Kish Island
Persian Gulf.
2014
4
01
91
99
http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-525-en.pdf
17-526
2024-03-29
10.1002
Journal of Oceanography
1562-1057
2476-6755
doi
2014
5
17
Assessment of the Service Life Design Model Proposed by fib for the Persian Gulf Region
Ali Akbar
Ramezanianpou
Ehsan
Jahangiri
Faramarz
Moodi
Babak
Ahmadi
One of the major causes of deterioration of coastal reinforced concrete (RC) structures is the chlorideinduced
corrosion. Therefore, durability based design of RC structures has gained great significance in
recent decades and various mathematical models have been proposed. One of the best models was
proposed by fib in 2006. The effect of environmental conditions on the prediction of the models is one of
the most important issues. Hence, regional investigations are necessary. The Persian Gulf is one of the
most marine aggressive regions of the world due to its high temperature and humidity and the Chloride ion
in its water. In this study, the fib model performance was evaluated by field experiments on some marine
RC structures located in this region. Then, the model was modified for applying for this environment.
Concrete
Durability
Fib model
Probabilistic model
Marine environment.
2014
4
01
101
112
http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-526-en.pdf
17-527
2024-03-29
10.1002
Journal of Oceanography
1562-1057
2476-6755
doi
2014
5
17
Study of Wave Reflection from Conventional Rubble Mound and Non-Reshaping Berm Breakwater
Abbas
Yeganeh-Bakhtiary
yeganeh@iust.ac.ir
Milad
Zabihi
Mohammad Hosein
Kazeminezhad
Meysam
Bali
Interference of the incident waves impinge on and the reflected waves back from a breakwater cause
partial-standing waves, which has a major effect at particularly storm condition on the breakwater stability.
Hence, the wave reflection parameter is of great importance in hydraulic design of breakwaters. In this
paper, at first the performance of M5 model tree for prediction of the reflection parameter on rubblemound
breakwater was investigated using available large scale data. Then, the effect of berm on reflection
coefficient from non-reshaping berm breakwater was investigated and finally, a new model for wave
reflection estimation was presented using M5 model tree. The obtained results showed that the model tree
is more accurate than the available empirical formulas and the new obtained formula is more accurate and
physically justified.
Reflection coefficient
M5´ model tree
Rubble-mound breakwater
Surf similarity parameter.
2014
4
01
113
123
http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-527-en.pdf
17-528
2024-03-29
10.1002
Journal of Oceanography
1562-1057
2476-6755
doi
2014
5
17
Seasonal Variation of Physicochemical Parameters in the Coastal Water around the Bushehr Peninsula
Seyed Taleb
Hosseini
sthosseini@inio.ac.ir
Vahid
Chegini
In this study, the physicochemical parameters of seawater (inc. depth, temperature, conductivity,
salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH, chlorophyll a, turbidity, density and sound velocity) of the coastal waters
around the Bushehr Peninsula (28° 42′N to 29° 00′N and 50° 39′E to 50° 57′E) were investigated monthly,
during July 2011 to July 2012. A CTD (OCEAN SEVEN 316 IDRONAUT, Italy) measured the
mentioned parameters of 12 stations in vertical profiles with time step of one second. Then, the quality
control procedures were performed on the measured parameters according to IOC methods. Results
showed that the sea temperature experienced an 18°C decline from summer to winter. Most of
physicochemical parameters were directly affected by these considerable fluctuations. Water column of the
study area was divided to 10 layers from surface to bottom. A weak seasonal thermocline (where
temperature decreases to 4°C) was observed between layers 3 to 8 in the stations with a depth of more than
20m in the warmest months of the year. This seasonal thermocline generated a weak picnocline whose
gradient was ascendant, just opposite the thermocline trend. During the cold months, water column
become well-mixed due to the insignificant differences of surface and bottom temperature (<1°C). Surface
salinity of the study area increased from about 37 psu in summer to 41 psu in winter whereas Khark
synoptic station showed the highest evaporation in summer. pH and dissolved oxygen (DO) values in the
study area were inversely correlated to the water temperature so that with going from warm seasons to
cold ones, pH and DO increased with respect to water temperature decrease. The values of pH were
increased from 7.7 to 8.2 and for DO were from 2 ppm to 10 ppm.
Temperature
Salinity
pH
Dissolved Oxygen
Chlorophyll a
CTD
Bushehr Peninsula
Persian Gulf.
2014
4
01
125
143
http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-528-en.pdf
17-529
2024-03-29
10.1002
Journal of Oceanography
1562-1057
2476-6755
doi
2014
5
17
Estimating the Next Twenty Years of Cargo Traffic of Sea, Road and Rail Modes of Transport at Imam Khomeini Port Complex Using Time-Series Analysis Model
Bahram
Shomali Pour
bahram.shomalipour@yahoo.com
Nasser
Saeidi
Amer
Kaabi
Hamidreza
Hallafi
Asghar
Rashnoodi
This study aims to extract the functions of demand and estimating cargo traffic of each transportation
modes (road & railroad) connected to the Iran's hinterland transportation network within a range of 20
years (case study of Imam Khomeini Port). For this purpose, first effective explanatory variables were
identified then traffic load of the modes were estimated using two stage simultaneous equation model of
time series analysis by Eviews software. The results indicate that in case of no change in current policies,
share of railway in cargo transportation to/from this port will be reduced significantly and at the most will
reach 5%. That is in contrast with the objectives of the 20 year national transportation master plan calling
railway for 30% of national cargo transportation.
Estimating cargo traffic
Hinterland
Simultaneous equations.
2014
4
01
145
155
http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-529-en.pdf