2024-03-29T06:23:11+04:30 http://joc.inio.ac.ir/browse.php?mag_id=17&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
17-514 2024-03-29 10.1002
Journal of Oceanography 1562-1057 2476-6755 doi 2014 5 17 Determination the Lethal Concentration (LC50) of Potassium Dichromate and Behavioral Responses in Epaulet Grouper (Epinephelus stoliczkae) Parvin Sadeghi parvin.sadeghi@gmail.com Ahmad Savari Abdolali Movahedinia Alireza Safahieh Daniel Azhdari The LC50-96h test paradigm is used to measure the susceptibility and survival potential of organisms exposed to particular toxic substances, such as heavy metals. In this study, the Median Lethal Concentration (LC50) of potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) during 96 h was determined in Epinephelus stoliczkae. Six groups of experimental fish (7 fish in each group) with 218±0.5 g weight average and 29.6 cm total length were exposed to different concentration of dichromate potassium (0, 62, 66, 70, 74 and 78 mg/L) for 96 h. The experiments were performed in triplicate (21 fish per each treatment). The temperature, salinity and pH were continuously measured throughout the experiments that were 27.5±0.50C, 37 ppt and 8.1, respectively. The LC50-96h was determined to be 73.09 mg/L in a static bioassay test system. Mortality percentage increased with increasing duration of exposure and increasing chromium concentrations. The behavioral changes observed in Epinephelus stoliczkae in the experiment period included breathing difficulty, slow down motility, loss of balance, capsizing , swimming on water surface, gathering around the ventilation filter, increased mucus secretion, bloodshed of gills, mouth and fish fins and change of body coloration. Acute toxicity effect of potassium dichromate increased with increasing its concentrations. Chromium LC50 Heavy metal Epinephelus stoliczkae Behavior 2014 4 01 1 9 http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-514-en.pdf
17-515 2024-03-29 10.1002
Journal of Oceanography 1562-1057 2476-6755 doi 2014 5 17 Isolation and Identification of Bacillus firmus from the Marine Sediments of Imam Khomeini Port and Study Its Ability in Biosorption of Lead Alireza Safahieh Razieh Lamoochi raziehlamoochi@yahoo.com Negin Salamat Hajar Abyar Using of biosorbents is considered as an inexpensive and convenient method for controling and removing pollutants from the environment in comparison with physico-chemical methods. In this study, the indigenous bacterium, which is resistant to lead, was isolated through sampling of surface sediments of Imam Khomeini Port. The isolated bacterium Bacillus firmus was identified through biochemical tests. The growth of Bacillus firmus was analyzed at concentrations of 50, 100, 200, 400 and 800 mg/l. Maximum bacterial growth was observed in 50 mg/l of lead concentration. The bacterium was also able to grow in high concentrations of lead (800 mg/l) that shows the high resistance of bacterium to lead. The potential of B. firmus in biosorption of lead was evaluated at concentrations of 50, 100 and 200 mg/l and the results represented the ability of bacterium in removal of 95 percent of lead from the metal solution. Therefore, the isolated bacterium is suggested for cleaning metal contaminated sediments, especially leadcontaminated area located in Imam Khomeini Port. Lead Biosorption Bacillus firmus Imam Khomeini Port. 2014 4 01 11 19 http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-515-en.pdf
17-516 2024-03-29 10.1002
Journal of Oceanography 1562-1057 2476-6755 doi 2014 5 17 Geochemical Investigation on the Sources and Influences of Heavy Metal Pollution in Fishing Harbours of Ramin and Beris Mohammad Ali Hamzeh hamzeh@inio.ac.ir Mohammad Hossein Mahmudi Gharaie Gholamrasul Baskaleh The levels of some heavy metals in sediments of two harbors along the Iranian coasts of thr Gulf of Oman were investigated in the present study. Sediment samples were taken from 15 stations throughout the Ramin and Beris harbors in March 2010. Grain size, total organic carbon content and concentration of heavy metals were determined in sediment samples to assess the extent of contamination level in the area. The range of concentrations measured in μg.g-1 dry weight were 4-12 for As, 0.01-1.5 for Cd, 17.5-287 for Cu, 31.6-94.9 for Ni, 11.7-1780 for Pb and 42-547 for Zn. The geo-accumulation index and enrichment factor showed the degree of pollution in study area as follow: Cu>Zn>Pb>Cd>Ni>As. Data revealed that high concentrations of Cu, Zn and Ni can pose moderate to severe biological effects in the area. Reparation and maintenance of fishing boats and ships in semi-closed harbors can be the source of contamination. Heavy metals Pollution Fishing harbors Gulf of Oman. 2014 4 01 21 31 http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-516-en.pdf
17-517 2024-03-29 10.1002
Journal of Oceanography 1562-1057 2476-6755 doi 2014 5 17 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Intertidal Surface Sediments of North Pars Special Economic Energy Zone, Bushehr Ehsan Abedi ehsan_abedi@inio.ac.ir Abolfazl Saleh Ali Mehdinia Shirin Rahmanpoor Iman Arebi Roozbeh Mirza Hassan Fooladi Fatemeh Ahmadpour In this study, concentrations and origins of 15 PAHs in intertidal sediments of North Pars Special Economic Energy Zone were investigated. Samples were collected from 20 stations (during low tide and randomly) before establishment and running in June 2011. Samples were analyzed by HPLC. Fluoranthene in Melgonze 2 showed the highest levels of PAHs and Dibenzo[ah]anthracene in Chahpahn 1, Chahpahn 2, Zirahak 1, Kabgan1, Kabgan 2, Kabgan 4, Bordekhon 3, Bordekhon 4, Demeigez 1 and Demigez 2 were the lowest ones in the study area. Results revealed that there were relatively low levels of ΣPAHs in the sediments. Sediment in the study area is being subjected to a combination of pyrogenic and peterogenic with pyrogenic prevalence origin. It could be concluded that in the study area, pollution amounts were much lower than the compared standards and the potential hazard for benthic assemblages seemed to be low. PAHs Pyrogenic Peterogenic Benthic Intertidal Sediments. 2014 4 01 33 40 http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-517-en.pdf
17-519 2024-03-29 10.1002
Journal of Oceanography 1562-1057 2476-6755 doi 2014 5 17 Reproductive Biology of Sand Whiting, Sillago sihama (Forsskal) in the Persian Gulf (Coastal Waters of Hormozgan Province) Roghaye Alizadeh :roghayeh94@yahoo.com Ehsan Kamrani Mohsen Safaei Mohamad Momeni The present study aimed to investigate the reproductive biology of sand whiting, Sillago sihama (Forsskal) (Family: Sillaginidae). Sampling was conducted monthly from the coastal waters of the Persian Gulf (Hormozgan province), from July 2011 to July 2012. Observations on the seasonal distribution of maturity stages and variations in seasonal fluctuations in the gonadosomatic index (GSI) confirmed two spawning peaks in January and March. It was found that female Sillago sihama reach the first sexual maturity at 14.20 cm. The relationship between total length and total weight for males and females were W=0.010 L2.855 and W=0.007 L2.973, respectively. The mean of the sex ratio was 1:2.5 (M:F). Fluctuations in HSI and GSI of female fish showed similar trends. Reproductive biology Gonadosomatic index Hepatosomatic index Sillago sihama Persian Gulf. 2014 4 01 41 47 http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-519-en.pdf
17-520 2024-03-29 10.1002
Journal of Oceanography 1562-1057 2476-6755 doi 2014 5 17 Introduction of Scomberid Larvae in Early Life History from Iranian Coastal Waters of the Persian Gulf- Bushehr Waters Mahnaz Rabbaniha rab.mahnaz@gmail.com The study of marine fish larvae has started from 15 years ago in Iranian waters and the study of fish larva in Bushehr waters were done in 5 steps. Sampling was done in one year monthly in each step. The larvae were collected by Bongo-net with 500 μ mesh size from Rocky- Coralline habitat (Nayband Bay and Kharg and Khargo Island) and were identified in two genera Scomberomorus and Rastrelliger from Coastal Waters of Bushehr Province with high abundance in summer season. The main characters of this family were included: large head and eye, myomer (40), heavily pigmented and the principals adjectives of Scomberomorus were: large and long snout, teeth in early preflexion and spin in pre-operculum and lower myomer, triangular gut, round and small snout, large and round eye and head without any spin were specific adjectives in Rastrelliger. Scomberid larvae Early Life History Coastal waters Persian Gulf. 2014 4 01 49 53 http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-520-en.pdf
17-521 2024-03-29 10.1002
Journal of Oceanography 1562-1057 2476-6755 doi 2014 5 17 Density and Diversity of Cnidarians Medusae (Family: Eirenidae) in Bahrakan Waters (Northwestern Persian Gulf) Tahmineh Soltani soltani.tahmineh@yahoo.com ahmad Savari Nasrin Sakhaee Babak Doostshenas Abdolmajid Dowraghi The purpose of this investigation was to study the density and diversity of Eirenidae in Bahrakan waters (Northwestern Persian Gulf). The Sampling was conducted in 6 stations, during July, August and October in 2010 and December, February and April in 2011, using 300μm mesh size plankton net. Environmental parameters such as salinity, pH, temperature and dissolved oxygen were measured. In this study, a total of 12 species of medusae were identified. Maximum and minimum densities of medusae were observed in July and August, respectively. Species such as Eutima variabilis, Tima flavilabris, Eutima gegenbauri, Eutima gracilis, Eutimalphes sp.1 and Irenium sp.1 were the first report in the Iranian waters of the Persian Gulf. The result of Correlation showed that the distribution of medusaes has more correlated with temprature. Analysis variance test were used to show impact of times on medusae abundance. As a result, medusae abundance showed significant variation in different months. The Shannon diversity index, ranged between 0.22 and 1.79, was maximum in July. Cnidarians medusae Zooplankton Shannon index Bahrakan Persian Gulf. 2014 4 01 55 61 http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-521-en.pdf
17-522 2024-03-29 10.1002
Journal of Oceanography 1562-1057 2476-6755 doi 2014 5 17 Determination of Concentration and Source of n-alkanes in Surface Sediments from Southern Coast of the Caspian Sea (Anzali Port) Rokhsareh Azimi Yancheshmeh Ali Reza Riyahi Bakhtiari riahi@modares.ac.ir Samar Mortazavi Surficial sediments from the South-Western coast of the Caspian Sea (Anzali Port) were studied to determine the concentration and probable source of normal alkanes. In this regard, nine surface samples were collected and analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Concentrations of these compounds ranged from 743 to 6146 μg g-1 dw (average 2700 ± 1612 μg g-1 dw). Normal alkenes with long chain length were dominant in all studied stations. Based on used indices in this study, it was concluded that n-alkanes in sediments mainly come from petrogenic source, that was included the old oil spills (significant amount of UCM in all chromatograms) and recent inputs (high values for the ratios of n- C17/Pr and n-C18/Phy at some sampling sites). However, a contribution of hydrocarbons from higher and aquatic plants in the study area was observed. Normal alkane Sediment Anzali city Caspian Sea. 2014 4 01 63 73 http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-522-en.pdf
17-523 2024-03-29 10.1002
Journal of Oceanography 1562-1057 2476-6755 doi 2014 5 17 Isolation of Collagen from Fish Waste Material- Skin, Bones and Fins of Thunnus tonggol Samira Hashemi Joukar hashemisamira27@yahoo.com Ehsan Kamrani Alireza Salarzadeh Delaram Noukhbehzare This study investigated isolation of collagen from fish waste materials- skin, bones and fins of Thunnus tonggol. Samples were collected from Bandar Abbas factory. Sampling was done from skin, bones and fins of T. tonggol at three treatments with three replications. Moreover, humidity, protein, fat and ash were surveyed. Results showed that humidity and protein amount were high in skin and there were significant differences between skin with bones and fins at protein (p< 0.05), while there were no significant differences between skin with bones and fins at humidity (p> 0.05). The present study showed that amino acid of Glysin was dominant at skin, bones and fins of T. tonggol. Results showed that the rate of amino acid of hydroxiproline (collagen indicator) in skin was more than in bones and fins (p< 0.05). This means that there are more collagen in T. tonggol skin than in bones and fins (p< 0.05). Results of the SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS- PAGE) showed that there were not significant differences between skin with bones and fins at a pattern of collagen (p> 0.05) and all of them had two chains of α1 and α2. Collagen Skin Fins Bone Thunnus tonggol. 2014 4 01 75 82 http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-523-en.pdf
17-524 2024-03-29 10.1002
Journal of Oceanography 1562-1057 2476-6755 doi 2014 5 17 Nutritional Value Evaluation of Two Seaweed of the Gulf of Oman: Sargassum illicifolium and Gracillaria cortica Mahmoud Hafezieh jhafezieh@yahoo.com Seyed Hassan Hosseini Danial Ajdari Homeira Hossein Pour Studies were conducted to evaluate nutritional qualities of two seaweed, Sargassum illicifolium and Gracillaria cortica, with a view to their utilization in Shrimp nutrition. The proximate composition, minerals and vitamin contents, free fatty acid, and amino acid profiles were investigated. Protein and ash content were the two abundant components in these seaweeds. S. illicifolium and G. cortica contained 9.18±1.15% and 18.29±2.1% Protein and 29.15±3.43%, and 23.11±1.43% ash based on dry weight, respectively. Both seaweeds contained high amounts of minerals, although both kinds of seaweeds were notably rich in iodine. S. illicifolium was also rich in potassium, calcium and magnesium, while G. cortica was rich in other minerals, especially ferrous and copper. Total essential and unessential amino acids (g/ 100 g sample) of S. illicifolium and G. cortica were 4.7 and 7.47: 7.67 and 13.8, respectively without any statistical differences (P>0.05). Results showed both seaweeds had all essential AA which were needed for shrimp feeding. All saturated FA, Mono unsaturated FA, Di- and more double band unsaturated FA ( mg /g sample) and DHA/ EPA ratio were 10.87 and 2.76: 1.11 and 0.513: 1.06 and 0.4: 3.66 and 1.33 respectively with differences statistically (P<0.05). Vitamin E, C and Tiamin with amounts of 32.2 and 37.5: 890 and 1200: 45 and 71 (mg/ 100 feed) in S. illicifolium and G. cortica respectively showed differences between these two seaweeds statistically (P0.05). Both seaweeds showed their potential of being healthy food for shrimp diets or as a source of ingredients with high nutritional values. S. illicifolium G. cortica Nutritional value Gulf of Oman. 2014 4 01 83 90 http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-524-en.pdf
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Journal of Oceanography 1562-1057 2476-6755 doi 2014 5 17 The Study of Relationship between Environmental Parameters and Coral Reefs Distribution: A Case Study at Kish Island Seyed Hassan Mousavi Mohammad Reza Shokri Hadi Poorbagher Afshin Danehkar a_danehkar@yahoo.com In this study, the relationship between environmental parameters and the distribution of coral reefs in Kish Island (Persian Gulf, Iran) were considered and the most important parameters were identified. Environmental parameters, including depth, water temperature, salinity, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, pH and chlorophyll-a were recorded by CTD at 30 stations during summer 2010. Also, at each station, the sediment grain size was determined by sampling, seabed slope was extracted from the bathymetric map and current velocity was obtained from the wave modeling project in Iran. The differences between environmental factors were analyzed by ANOVA and then identified the most important factors influencing in the distribution of coral reefs by Principal Components Analysis (PCA) test. The result of ANOVA showed that there is a significant variation (P<0.05) in the water depth, dissolved oxygen, and the bottom slope between coral and non-coral regions. According to the PCA result, three independent components (PC) were identified that had 73.157 % of the total variations. Also, the result showed highest correlation between turbidity, depth and chlorophyll-a with PC1, salinity, bottom type and bottom slope with PC2, and water temperature and dissolved oxygen with PC3, respectively. The results from present study showed significant variation between aforementioned parameters with distribution of coral reefs in Kish Island. Environmental Parameters Coral Reefs PCA Kish Island Persian Gulf. 2014 4 01 91 99 http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-525-en.pdf
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Journal of Oceanography 1562-1057 2476-6755 doi 2014 5 17 Assessment of the Service Life Design Model Proposed by fib for the Persian Gulf Region Ali Akbar Ramezanianpou Ehsan Jahangiri Faramarz Moodi Babak Ahmadi One of the major causes of deterioration of coastal reinforced concrete (RC) structures is the chlorideinduced corrosion. Therefore, durability based design of RC structures has gained great significance in recent decades and various mathematical models have been proposed. One of the best models was proposed by fib in 2006. The effect of environmental conditions on the prediction of the models is one of the most important issues. Hence, regional investigations are necessary. The Persian Gulf is one of the most marine aggressive regions of the world due to its high temperature and humidity and the Chloride ion in its water. In this study, the fib model performance was evaluated by field experiments on some marine RC structures located in this region. Then, the model was modified for applying for this environment. Concrete Durability Fib model Probabilistic model Marine environment. 2014 4 01 101 112 http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-526-en.pdf
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Journal of Oceanography 1562-1057 2476-6755 doi 2014 5 17 Study of Wave Reflection from Conventional Rubble Mound and Non-Reshaping Berm Breakwater Abbas Yeganeh-Bakhtiary yeganeh@iust.ac.ir Milad Zabihi Mohammad Hosein Kazeminezhad Meysam Bali Interference of the incident waves impinge on and the reflected waves back from a breakwater cause partial-standing waves, which has a major effect at particularly storm condition on the breakwater stability. Hence, the wave reflection parameter is of great importance in hydraulic design of breakwaters. In this paper, at first the performance of M5􁇱 model tree for prediction of the reflection parameter on rubblemound breakwater was investigated using available large scale data. Then, the effect of berm on reflection coefficient from non-reshaping berm breakwater was investigated and finally, a new model for wave reflection estimation was presented using M5􁇱 model tree. The obtained results showed that the model tree is more accurate than the available empirical formulas and the new obtained formula is more accurate and physically justified. Reflection coefficient M5´ model tree Rubble-mound breakwater Surf similarity parameter. 2014 4 01 113 123 http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-527-en.pdf
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Journal of Oceanography 1562-1057 2476-6755 doi 2014 5 17 Seasonal Variation of Physicochemical Parameters in the Coastal Water around the Bushehr Peninsula Seyed Taleb Hosseini sthosseini@inio.ac.ir Vahid Chegini In this study, the physicochemical parameters of seawater (inc. depth, temperature, conductivity, salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH, chlorophyll a, turbidity, density and sound velocity) of the coastal waters around the Bushehr Peninsula (28° 42′N to 29° 00′N and 50° 39′E to 50° 57′E) were investigated monthly, during July 2011 to July 2012. A CTD (OCEAN SEVEN 316 IDRONAUT, Italy) measured the mentioned parameters of 12 stations in vertical profiles with time step of one second. Then, the quality control procedures were performed on the measured parameters according to IOC methods. Results showed that the sea temperature experienced an 18°C decline from summer to winter. Most of physicochemical parameters were directly affected by these considerable fluctuations. Water column of the study area was divided to 10 layers from surface to bottom. A weak seasonal thermocline (where temperature decreases to 4°C) was observed between layers 3 to 8 in the stations with a depth of more than 20m in the warmest months of the year. This seasonal thermocline generated a weak picnocline whose gradient was ascendant, just opposite the thermocline trend. During the cold months, water column become well-mixed due to the insignificant differences of surface and bottom temperature (<1°C). Surface salinity of the study area increased from about 37 psu in summer to 41 psu in winter whereas Khark synoptic station showed the highest evaporation in summer. pH and dissolved oxygen (DO) values in the study area were inversely correlated to the water temperature so that with going from warm seasons to cold ones, pH and DO increased with respect to water temperature decrease. The values of pH were increased from 7.7 to 8.2 and for DO were from 2 ppm to 10 ppm. Temperature Salinity pH Dissolved Oxygen Chlorophyll a CTD Bushehr Peninsula Persian Gulf. 2014 4 01 125 143 http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-528-en.pdf
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Journal of Oceanography 1562-1057 2476-6755 doi 2014 5 17 Estimating the Next Twenty Years of Cargo Traffic of Sea, Road and Rail Modes of Transport at Imam Khomeini Port Complex Using Time-Series Analysis Model Bahram Shomali Pour bahram.shomalipour@yahoo.com Nasser Saeidi Amer Kaabi Hamidreza Hallafi Asghar Rashnoodi This study aims to extract the functions of demand and estimating cargo traffic of each transportation modes (road & railroad) connected to the Iran's hinterland transportation network within a range of 20 years (case study of Imam Khomeini Port). For this purpose, first effective explanatory variables were identified then traffic load of the modes were estimated using two stage simultaneous equation model of time series analysis by Eviews software. The results indicate that in case of no change in current policies, share of railway in cargo transportation to/from this port will be reduced significantly and at the most will reach 5%. That is in contrast with the objectives of the 20 year national transportation master plan calling railway for 30% of national cargo transportation. Estimating cargo traffic Hinterland Simultaneous equations. 2014 4 01 145 155 http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-529-en.pdf