1 1562-1057 Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science 17 A survey on the impact of shrimp effulluent on distribution and density of macrobenthos in Mazagh Creek in Hormozgan Ejlali Khanaghah Keivan Akbarzadeh Gholam Ali Aghajeri Shiva Negarestan Hossein Tamadoni Saeid Akbari Hasan 1 10 2010 1 3 1 5 13 01 2012 18 10 2016 The impact of shrimp effluent on macrobenthos density was investigated in Mazagh creek from July to September 2000. Sampling was carried out by a 0.04 m2 Vanveen Grab in six selected stations. Maximum and minimum frequency consisted of crustacea and nematoda, respectively. The results showed minimum frequency of macrobenthos in stations 1 and 2 in which the outlet channel of the creek mouth is located and maximum frequency of macrobenthos in station 4 and 6 in which inlet channel and Sea are located respectively. A significant difference was observed using one way analysis variance testing between station 1 and station 6 (P0.05) statisitically.
57 The investigation of species diversity and dominance of Decapoda of the intertidal zone of Bushehr rocky shores-the Persian Gulf Savari Ahmad Jahanpanah Masoumeh Vazirizadeh Amir 1 10 2010 1 3 7 16 23 01 2012 18 10 2016 For studing the population structure of the Decapoda crustaceans of the Intertidal zone of Bushehr rocky shores, we collected biological speciments totally from 4 stations during 4 seasons, autumn (1386) to summer (1387). The sampling unit in this study was a 50×50(Cm) quadrate and the sampling was carried out randomly .The samples were sorted and fixed in the 10% etanol after transfering to the biology laboratory and then were identified by keys and other resoures. One of our aims in this study was calculation of species diversity and dominance. Further more, we measured some environmental factors such as Salinity, DO, tempreture, and pH with digital equipments. In this stady, we identified 8 species of 5 Decapoda families.The most species frequency contained Petrolisthes rufescence 51%, Pagurus sp. 22%, Metapograpsus maculates 7%, Pilimnus sp. 6.5%, shrimpa 3% and other species 10%. We also used ecological index for comparing species diversity. According to the results, frequency and diversity rate redused in cold seasons ( autumn & winter). The temperature was an important factor in this changes. Two stations (C & D) had the most diversity and least pollution. In the total period , Petrolisthes rufescence had the highest Dominance frequency. 58 Study of Polychaete community structure and it’s relationship with heavy metal concentration in winter in Bahrakan zone sediments Safahieh Alireza Mohammadi Motahareh 1 10 2010 1 3 17 26 23 01 2012 18 10 2016 The muddy coast of Bahrakan is a location for catching different fish and prawn species and is known as important fishery site in Khuzestan province. This area is exposed to various types of pollutants which may affect invertebrates as well as their community. In order to determine distribution and diversity of polychaets and heavy metals concentration in Bahrakan province sediment، sampling performed in winter 2008. Samples of sediment were taken from 5 different station and polychaets after washing and coloring، identified at genus or species levels. The chemo physical factors were measured in different station. In addition to، concentrations of heavy metals were measured in sediments using Unicam AAS model 919. Results showed that the means of polychaete were 2606 individual per m2 and polychaete community was dominated by Syllidae (40%)، Nephtyidae (20%) and Cossuridae (14%). Means of temperature، dissolved oxygen، salinity، pH، organic matter and percent of silt-clay were 10.8°c، 10.4 mg/l، 37.9 g/l، 8.2، 16.5% and 97.6 in different station respectively. The highest heavy metals concentration and lowest polychaete density was found in the station located at the mouth of Zohreh estuary. Probably due to river discharge of contaminations was the reason of decreasing polychaets density. Significant correlation was found between polychaete dominance and Cu concentration in sediment. Increasing of Cu concentration in sediment could result in decreasing of polychaets diversity and decreasing of dominance. 59 Relationship between tide and great earthquakes Zomorrodian Hossein Saeidi Shah Kileh Mohammad Gholghas Arezo 1 10 2010 1 3 27 33 23 01 2012 18 10 2016 This research involves the investigation of the relationship between the tidal forces and the occurrences of the great earthquakes during the period from 1977 until 2007. At the first stage, some 3475 large earthquakes were structed from the "Global CMT Catalogue" and then daily, monthly and yearly frequencies of these earthquakes as well as the tidal forces for the period of their occurrence were obtained. At the second step the cross-correlation between different frequencies of the earthquakes with lunisolar tidal forces were calculated by means of MATLAB code. The result shows a good correlation between the occurrence of the earthquakes and the lunisolar tidal forces. Generally, it concluded with reservedness that the tidal forces could be considered as a trigger for seismic activities. 21 A two-dimensional vertical non-hydrostatic model for simulation of free surface flows Chegini Fatemeh Montazeri Namin Masoud 1 10 2010 1 3 35 44 13 01 2012 18 10 2016 In this paper, details of the development of a two-dimensional vertical numerical model for simulating unsteady free-surface flows, deploying a non-hydrostatic pressure distribution is given. The governing 2DV Navier-Stokes equations are discretized using the finite volume approximation in the Cartesian coordinate and solved based on the algorithm of the projection method. Moreover, the model calculates eddy viscosity and diffusivity using the turbulence equations. In order to predict the moving free surface elevations, the height of the top layer is assumed to be variable and proportional to the water elevation. One of the advantages of the developed model is its higher computational speed compared to similar models developed in sigma and curvilinear coordinates. Therefore, in conditions that the variation of water and bed level is not considerable, this model is more appropriate. The model has been applied to simulate a range of unsteady flow problems involving relatively strong vertical accelerations. Comparison between numerical results, analytical solutions and experimental data demonstrates a satisfactory performance. 22 Determining mercury and methylmercury in sediments of the northern parts of the Persian Gulf Agah Homira Owfi Fereidoon Sharif Fazeli Mohammad Fatemi S. Mohammad Reza Savari Ahmad 1 10 2010 1 3 45 45 13 01 2012 18 10 2016 In this study. mercury (Hg) and methylmercury (MMHg) concentrations in sediments from the northern parts of the Persian Gulf were assessed. Surface sediments were collected from nine stations in Hormozgan and Bushehr provinces. All analyses were performed on homogenized and lyophilized samples. Total mercury analysis was performed by thermal decomposition, amalgamation, Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AMA 254) and methylmercury was analyzed by Headspace Gas Chromatography Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry after aqueous phase ethylation of the extracted samples. Total mercury (THg) in sediments varied from 13 to 40 ng g-1dw and methylmercury accounted for 0.5% to 1.2% of total mercury. The organic carbon (OC) and organic matter (OM) content ranged from 0.5 to 1.4 and from 5 to 11%, respectively. 23 Trace metals in the mussel Donax trunculus of Annaba estuaries, Algeria Abdennour Cherif Drif Fethi Boulakoud Mohamed Salah Ounissi Mohamed 1 10 2010 1 3 46 46 13 01 2012 18 10 2016 Trace metal concentrations (Pb, Ni, Cu and Zn) in the mussel Donax trunculus and the sediments of Annaba estuaries, North-East Algeria were studied. D. trunculus is a widely consumed species by local population. Samples were collected from four sites located alongside Annaba coastline, and exposed to different types and degree of urban and industrial pollution. Results have indicated that the concentrations of Pb, Ni, Cu and Zn are higher in sites which are close to Annaba city. On the other hand, metal concentrations are almost similar between males and females, with only few exceptions. Generally, the concentrations of Pb, Ni, Cu and Zn of sediment have followed the same trend as that of D. trunculus. This study suggests that the species and the sediment as well might be used for monitoring trace metal pollution in Annaba estuaries. It is also suggested that this species is not recommended for fishing and for human consumption in sites near Annaba city. 24 Analysis of violations of safety requirements established by the international maritime regulations Nooramin Amir Saeed Sadjadi Parsa Jafar 1 10 2010 1 3 47 47 13 01 2012 18 10 2016 Historically, marine accident has been an inseparable part of shipping. Majority of all recorded marine accidents are generally attributed to human error or associated with human error. Many individuals and organizations in the maritime field use risk management techniques to minimize the effect of human error. The main focus is to enhance safety and reduce human error through motivation, education and training, system design, rules and regulations. It has always been recognized that the best way of improving safety at sea is by developing international regulations that are followed by all shipping nations. Adopting proper regulations will definitely decrease human error and thus, maritime accidents. The main objective of this research was to analyze the violations of safety requirements adopted by international regulations, using the evidences from Iranian inspections. As such, the maritime safety issues are addressed and an outline of the safety regulations in the international seaborne trade is given. Also, the effects of international regulations on improving maritime safety in Iran, owner of one of the largest fleets, are evaluated through reviewing records of all maritime disasters, ships' deficiencies and their causes in Iranian territories since 2007 till 2009.