Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science
Journal of Oceanography
1562-1057
4
15
2013
10
1
Body Size Relationship with the Accumulation of Lead in Mudskipper Periophthalmus waltoni in Northern Persian Gulf
1
9
FA
Naser
Kooseg
Abdolvahed
Rahmani
Ehsan
Kamrani
Mohammad Reza
Taherizadeh
Mandana
Alinia
In this study, the relationship between fish (Mudskipper Periophthalmus waltoni) body size and
accumulation of lead was investigated in the regions of Khamir Port, Dargahan and Golshahr (Persian
Gulf). 180 fish were randomly collected (30 fishes per station per seasons) during summer and winter
2011.
Fish muscle tissue was separated after biometry. The tissue was disgusted and analyzed using Atomic
Absorption Spectrometry (AAS). The results showed that there was significant positive correlation
between the concentration of lead and fish size (p<0.05). We found a significant difference between the
concentration of lead in different stations (p<0.05). In both summer and winter, accumulation of lead in
the muscle of Mudskipper waltoni was higher than other sampling areas. However, the lead level in the
fish tissue was lower than global standards (FAO/WHO 2.14 μg/g). Petroleum industrial and municipal
activities in these areas may be the source of pollution in the selected sampling areas.
Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science
Journal of Oceanography
1562-1057
4
15
2013
10
1
Calcareous Nannoplanktons of Eastern Strait of Hormuz
11
19
FA
Fatemeh
Hadavi
Elham
Mojtahedin
In the current study, calcareous nannoplanktons from East of the Strait of Hormuz are going to be
introduced. For the first time, 15 samples were selected from this area and 27 species and 16 genera were
identified. We have found 3 collections in the studied fossils associations. Some of them had high
abundance, such as Gephyrocapsa oceanica and Emiliania huxleyi, and some other species were rarely
found, such as Braarudosphaera bigelowii, Calcidiscus leptoporus, Umbilicosphaera sibogae and
Umbellosphaera tenuis. The third collection included reworked species of Cretaceous and Neogene
deposits. The found fossils show that these sediments deposited in the marginal sea were rich in nutrients
and had high productivity.
Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science
Journal of Oceanography
1562-1057
4
15
2013
10
1
Study of Diversity and Density of Calanoid Copepods (Copepoda: Calanoida) in Bahrakan Waters (Northwestern Persian Gulf)
21
27
FA
Soroor
Peyghan
Ahmad
Savari
Nasrin
Sakhaee
Babak
Doostshenas
Simin
DehghanMadiseh
The aim of this investigation was to study the Calanoid Copepods density and diversity in Bahrakan
waters (Hendijan Harbor, Persian Gulf, Iran). Sampling was conducted during July, August and October
2010 and December, February and April 2011. Zooplankton were collected with plankton tows using 100-
μm mesh net. Environmental parameters including salinity, temperature and dissolved oxygen were
measured. In this study, 16 species of Calanoids were identified, among them Acartiella faoensis with
relative frequency of 28% was the most abundant species during the studying period. This species was first
reported from the Persian Gulf Iranian waters. The Calanoid density was highest in August and lowest in
December and February. There was Positive significant correlation coefficient between density of
Calanoids and water temperature (P<0.05). The Shannon diversity index was maximum in July and ranged
from 0.98 to 2.42 during the year.
Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science
Journal of Oceanography
1562-1057
4
15
2013
10
1
Study of Feeding Behavior of Zooplankton- Phytoplankton in Different Seasons in the Southern Caspian Sea Using Multivariate Analysis
29
38
FA
Hassan
Nasrollahzadeh Saravi
Asieh
Makhlough
Mozhgan
Roshantabari
Fereshteh
Eslami
The aim of this study was to find the trophic relationship between zooplankton and phytoplankton
using multivariate analysis in the southern part of the Caspian Sea during 2009-2010. Sampling was
performed in four seasons (spring, summer, autumn and winter) and in eight transects perpendicular to the
coast. 384 phytoplankton and 160 zooplankton samples were collected over five different water depths (5,
10, 20, 50 and 100 meters). Multivariate statistical analysis (PCA, CCA and SMRA) showed that high
abundance of filamented species of Cyanophyta (Oscillatoria sp.), chain form (Dactyliosolen fragilissima)
and large size (Pseudosolenia calcar-avis) of Bacillariophyta had the main role in zooplznkton feeding
pattern, particularly in summer and winter. Small size phytoplankton (Cyclotella meneghiniana,
Exuviaella cordata) and relatively short filament (Binuclearia lauterbornii) were occasionally eaten by
zooplankton. Feeding habits of zooplankton species were not the same in different seasons and was
strongly depended on the phytoplankton structure (species diversity and abundance). Low species diversity
and abundance of zooplankton which accompanied with high species diversity and abundance of
phytoplankton were the main reasons that limited top-down control of zooplankton on phytoplankton
abundance reduction through grazing.
Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science
Journal of Oceanography
1562-1057
4
15
2013
10
1
Comparison of Mercury and Cadmium Bioaccumulation in Oyster Crassostrea sp. Soft Tissue during Experimental Exposure
39
47
FA
Ali
Azimi
Alireza
Safahieh
Ali
Dadolahi Sohrab
In this study, the bioaccumulation of mercury and cadmium in the soft tissue of Crassostrea sp. were
studied at experimental conditions. Also, the bioaccumulation trend of Hg and Cd in oysters were analyzed
and compared during exposure period. The oysters collected from harbor No. 28 in the coast of Imam
Khomeini port had lowest pollution of Hg and Cd according to the last studies. After 7 days of acclimation
in laboratory, the oysters exposed to Hg at concentrations of 15 and 75 μ. -1 and Cd at concentrations of
15 and 150 μ-1 for 14 days. Heavy metal contents in oysters were measured by atomic absorption per 48
hours. Results indicated that the Hg bioaccumulation in bivalve soft tissue was faster and stronger than Cd
bioaccumulation, despite the fact that Hg had lower concentration in the experiment. The maximum
bioaccumulation of metals in bivalves soft tissue was 107.6±6.7 μ. -1 Hg and 86.5±7.6 μ. Cd at
experimental dose of 75 μ. -1 Hg and 150 μ. -1 Cd, respectively.
Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science
Journal of Oceanography
1562-1057
4
15
2013
10
1
Examination of PAHs Contamination in Bushehr Shoreline in Summers
49
58
FA
In order to investigate the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) concentration in the marine
coastal area of Bushehr, seawater and sediment samples were collected from 5 stations along Bushehr
shore line. The total PAHs (tPAHs) concentrations ranged from 4.0 to 31.0 μg L-1 and 845.0 to 4790.0 ng
g-1 in seawater and sediment, respectively. Results showed that tPAHs concentrations in seawater and
sediment were significantly different among the studied stations (P<0.05). The maximum tPAHs
concentration was measured in the seawater and sediment collected from Rafael while the minimum
values were observed in the Abshirinkon station. The Concentration of anthracene, phenanthrene,
fluoranthene and pyrene in seawater was appeared above the standard rate mentioned by Canadian
environmental quality guidelines. Different patterns of tPAHs composition were observed in water and
sediment among the studied stations. Based on the number of the rings in the molecules, 3 rings PAHs
were dominant in the seawater, while in the sediment, 5 and 6 rings PAHs appeared in the higher
concentrations. Comparison between tPAHs concentration in Bushehr coastal area with previously studied
locations in the world showed that PAHs contamination in the Bushehr coastal area is considerable.
Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science
Journal of Oceanography
1562-1057
4
15
2013
10
1
Benthic Foraminifera Abundance of Sedimentary Sequence in Gorgan Bay, North Iran
59
69
FA
Parisa
Habibi
Seyed Ahmad
Babazadeh
Hamid
Alizadeh ketek Lahijani
Hedyeh
Abasiyan
The abundance of the benthic foraminifera has been studied along a 1.36m sediment core sample, taken
from 3.8m depth of water in the Gorgan bay, south of the Caspian Sea using sedimentological and
paleonotological proxies. Sedimentological studies show that the sediments are largely composed of silty
sand that rarely changes along the core. The average Total Organic Matter (TOM) and carbonate content
are 6.7% and 24.5%, respectively. Totally, six species of foraminifera were distinguished in the
sedimentary column, including Ammonia beccarii, Elphidium littoralle capsicum, Elphidiella brotzkajae,
Elphidium shochinae, Discorbis aguajoi, Cornuspira sp. which entirely belong to euryhalines. Although,
the abundance is high, the results show poor diversity of the species. The abundance and distribution of the
benthic foraminifera in the Gorgan Bay could be related to salinity changes, availability of nutrients as
well as sea level fluctuation.
Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science
Journal of Oceanography
1562-1057
4
15
2013
10
1
Evaluation of the Application of One-Dimentional Non-Linear Shallow Water Equations in Nearshore Shallow Water
71
82
FA
Ahmad
Shanehsazzadeh
Balal
Moradvasi
There are numbers of models for prediction of hydrodynamic parameters at nearshore according to
different assumptions. However, the capability and comprehensiveness of the models in different
conditions are still questionable. In this article, the results of numerical model based on Non-Linear
Shallow Water (NSW) equations were compared to the results of MIKE21 BW 1DH which are based on
Boussinesq equations in order to investigate the level of the accuracy of NSW in different beach slopes
and bed particle sizes, under various incident wave conditions. The results of two numerical models in
terms of water depth are also compared with field data. No clear advantage of Boussinesq model on NSW
model is evident in prediction of water depth in the surf and swash zone. This will encourage application
of NSW equation (due to relative simplicity) for prediction of sediment transport and beach profile
evolution in the surf and swash zone.
Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science
Journal of Oceanography
1562-1057
4
15
2013
10
1
Numerical Modeling of Wind Wave in the Anzali Using SWAN Model
83
92
FA
Samaneh
Rajabi
Vahid
Chegini
Kamran
Lari
Bahareh
Kamranzad
Seyed Taleb
Hosseini
Designing marine structures including shore or offshore requires information about wave regime. For
this purpose, different methods were used including empirical methods and numerical models to simulate
the wave characteristics. SWAN (Simulating Waves Nearshore) which has been developed for shallow
waters had been used for modeling the waves in Anzali port. Wind data obtained from Europe central
middle weather forecasting (ECMWF) on 2003 were used as model input and Bathymetry was obtained
from NOAA site.
To achieve more accurate results, the model was firstly ran in the whole Caspian Sea and then, in
Anzali port. Boundary condition of local model was extracted from Caspian Sea model. Calibration of the
model was carried out using measured wave data. For verifying, the results were compared to those
obtained from the project ISWM. The results indicate acceptable accuracy compared to buoy
measurements. However, the modeled peak period is underestimated. Therefore, a correction factor should
be considered for peak period.
Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science
Journal of Oceanography
1562-1057
4
15
2013
10
1
Analyzing and Prioritizing the Effective Factors on the Job Satisfaction of Personnel of Ports and Maritime Organization in Imam Khomeini Port
93
102
FA
Jafar
Sayareh
Sobhan
Iranshahi
Hamid Reza
Tahmak
There are many factors affecting job satisfaction which are different among organizations
dependending on the culture, size, kind of the productions and services and other environmental
conditions. The aim of the present research is to study and prioritize the factors influencing job satisfaction
among the personnel of Imam Khomeini port main office of Ports and Maritime Organization. Data was
collected from 140 employees using Randomsampling technique. The research tools included two
questionnaires. The first questioner contained the questions related to the employees’ personal information
and the second contained questions related to job satisfaction. The Analytical results obtained from the
first questionnaires showed the relationship between personal characteristics and job satisfaction and the
second one showed that the factors influencing job satisfaction by order of priority and specifies position
of the needs in Maslow’s hierarchy of needs.