Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science
Journal of Oceanography
1562-1057
2476-6755
3
9
2012
4
1
Study on Nesting Biology Considerations of Hawksbill SeaTurtle (Eretmochelys imbricata) Linnaeus, 1766 in the Hormoz Island- Persian Gulf
1
8
FA
Hadi
Dehghani
haddehghani@gmail.com
Y
Musa
Keshavarz
N
Ehsan
Kamrani
N
Alireza
Mehvari
N
Mohammad
Asadi
N
This study discusses the nesting of Hawksbill turtle (E. imbricata) in spawning season in Hormoz Island, in spring 2007. During night Patrols, the egg-laying turtles and their eggs as well as their biometry were identified. Therefore, scroll data of the number of returns, returned kind, beds that selected for nesting, spawning times, temperature, air moisture and nests depth, in the nesting period as well as Carapace length straight length, carapace wide, and weight of turtles, total eggs, normal eggs, abnormal number of eggs, and their thicknesses, and nest’s depth were recorded. Results showed that turtles mean weight was 42± 5 kg, carapace curve length was 72± 5 cm, carapace direct length was 66± 5 cm. Total number of eggs were 93± 40, normal eggs were 72± 40, abnormal eggs were 20± 15, and mean of eggs thickness are 36.8± 4 mm, thickness of biggest eggs (normal eggs) was 41.5 mm, and smallest egg (abnormal egg) was 5 mm. The results showed that there is a significant correlation within the carapace curve length and straight length, carapace curve length and weight, total egg number and normal egg. More over, there is a week reverse relation between normal and abnormal egg number. Most frequency of spawning turtles length were 62 to 70 cm and most frequency between spawning turtles’ weight were 42 to 45 kg. Only 34 cases of 292 recorded turtles (11.6%) laid eggs in the island coasts.
Hawksbill turtle, Nesting, Spawning, Hormoz Island, Persian Gulf.
http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-103-en.html
http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-103-en.pdf
Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science
Journal of Oceanography
1562-1057
2476-6755
3
9
2012
4
1
Study of Abundance and Distribution Pattern and Stability of Sea Urchin (Stomopneustes variolaris: Echinoidea) in the Intertidal Zones of Chabahar Gulf
9
15
FA
Matin
Khaleghi
Y
Alireza
Safahieh
N
Ahmad
Savari
N
Babak
Doustshenas
N
Fereidoon
Owfi
N
This study touches the abundance and distribution of sea urchin Stomopneustes variolaris in the intertidal zones of Chabahar Gulf in the Gulf of Oman, IR. Iran during November 2008 to September 2009. The area of study was at the farthest end of south east of Iran in province of Sistan and Balouchestan from 25°16́́ 61̋ N to 25°22́ 47 ̋ N and from 60°39́ 90 ̋ E to 60°24́ 38 ̋ E. Sampling was done bimonthly during low tide from 5 stations, using 1m×1m quadrate randomly. Then, samples were counted, identified and their abundance, distribution and stability were investigated. The results showed that the abundance of S.variolaris was maximum in February 2009 (3/33±1/03ind.m-2). Investigation of distribution and stability indicators revealed that S.variolaris dispersion was more random and sometimes patchy and its stability was rare.
Gawatr bay, Heavy metals, Pollution, Geochemical maps
http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-104-en.html
http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-104-en.pdf
Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science
Journal of Oceanography
1562-1057
2476-6755
3
9
2012
4
1
Study of Seasonal Variation of Biomass and Seaweed Composition in Tidal Areas of Boshehr Province (North Part of the Persian Gulf)
17
26
FA
Ali
Dadolahi-Sohrab
p_dadolahi@yahoo.com
Y
Mohsen
Garavand
N
Abolfazl
Emadabadi
N
The study was carried out to evaluate the seasonal variations of dominant seaweed biomass and species composition at six different sites during 4 seasons from autumn 2008 till summer 2009 in the sand flats of tidal areas of the Bushehr Province. Algal samples were collected using quadrate sampling (0.5 × 0.5 m) from 4 different tidal areas (upper mid littoral, mid mid littoral, low mid littoral and infra littoral) at each site. Samples collected were sorted as far as possible at the location and placed in plastic bags. The plastic bags were placed in an ice-chest during transportation to the laboratory. Algal samples were distinguished using valid references. In sum, this study recorded 13 dominant seaweed species including 3 Chlorophyta, 4 Phaeophyta and 6 Rhodophyta were. Among Chlorophyta, Entromorpha intestinalis was the dominant species at all sites. This is while, Cystoseira myrica and Gracilaria corticatay both showed maximum biomass among the Phaeophyta and Rhodophyta, respectively.
Seaweed, Tidal areas, Biomass, Persian Gulf.
http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-105-en.html
http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-105-en.pdf
Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science
Journal of Oceanography
1562-1057
2476-6755
3
9
2012
4
1
Assessment of Metallothionein as a Biomarker of Heavy Metal (Hg, Cd, Pb and Cu) in Oyster Crassostrea gigas in Imam Khomeini Port
27
39
FA
Ali
Azimi
N
Alireza
Safahieh
safahieh@hotmail.com
Y
Ali
Dadollahi Sohrab
N
Hossein
Zolgharnein
N
Behnaz
Saffar
N
Ahmad
Savari
N
The present study aimed to validate the potential use of MTs as a biomarker of Hg, Cd, Pb and Cu exposure in soft tissue of oysters Crassostrea gigas in Imam Khomeini port. For this purpose, oysters from the same size were sampled on March 2010 from 5 different locations including harbors of Petroshimi, Doc Sorsoreh, 15, 28 and 33 in the Imam Khomeini port. The samples were freeze dried and acid digested in order to determine their heavy metal content. MT contents of oysters were extracted first and then after precipitation by ethanol/chloroform, they were measured by spectrophotometry method. Results indicated that the content of Hg, Cd, Pb and Cu in the oysters’ soft tissue were 3.12±2.77, 10.34±3.98, 7.1±3.30 and 440.57±66.17 µg/g of dry weight respectively. MT concentrations in the oysters of different stations ranged from 96.5±5.53 to 185.75±7.34 µg/g of wet weight. the Highest level of Hg, Pb and Cu were measured in harbor of Petroshimi while the highest level of Cd was measured in harbor no 15. The oysters from harbor no 28 contained the lowest level of all measured metals. Also the lowest amount of MT synthesis observed in the oysters from harbor no 28. The highest level of MT was measured in oysters from harbor no 15. Among the studied metals, Cd showed a strong and direct correlation with MT level in the oysters (P0/05). It is concluded that MT is an appropriate biomarker for Cd contamination in oysters from Imam Khomeini port.
Metallothionein, Biomarker, Heavy metals, Oyster Crassostrea gigas, Imam Khomeini port, Persian Gulf.
http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-106-en.html
http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-106-en.pdf
Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science
Journal of Oceanography
1562-1057
2476-6755
3
9
2012
4
1
Effects of Dietary Nucleotide Levels on Body Composition of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Fingerlings
41
46
FA
Naeemeh
Salimi Khorshidi
N
Saeed
Keyvanshokooh
keyvan56@yahoo.com
Y
Amir Parviz
Salati
N
Mohammad
Zakeri
N
Nematollah
Mahmoudi
N
Ahmad
Tahmasebi-Kohyani
N
Effects of different levels of dietary nucleotides (NT) were studied on growth indices and body composition of rainbow trout with average weight of 11.35±0.32 during 8 weeks. This experimental was carried out in 700 L circular tanks with 40 fishes per tank. NT was added to the diet at a rate of 0.0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15 and 0.2 percent. Fish were fed 5 times daily at a rate of 3-5% body weight per day. At the end of feeding trial, the fish fed 0.2% NT showed higher whole body protein, and lower lipid and ash levels compared to the control group. Administration of dietary NT at the level of 0.2% seems to positively influence the proximate composition of fingerling rainbow trout.
Nutrition, Nucleotide, Growth, Body composition, Rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss.
http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-107-en.html
http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-107-en.pdf
Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science
Journal of Oceanography
1562-1057
2476-6755
3
9
2012
4
1
Effect of Different Dietary Carbohydrate to Lipid Ratios on the Growth and Feed Performance of juvenile benni (Barbus sharpeyi)
47
54
FA
Mahtab
Kazemi
mahtab_kzm86@yahoo.com
Y
Jasem
ghafleh Marammazi
N
Preeta
Kochanian
N
Vahid
Yavari
N
Ebrahim
Rajabzadeh Ghotrami
N
This study was undertaken to determine the effects of various dietary carbohydrate to lipid (CHO/L) ratios on growth and feed performance of benni (Barbus sharpeyi) juveniles. Nine iso-nitrogenous (25% crude protein) and iso-caloric (3.5 kcal/g digestible energy) diets with varying CHO/L ratios (0.8 to 8.8) were tested for 8 weeks with three replicates. Each replicate was stocked with 20 fish (initial mean weight: 16.4 ± 0.2 g) that were fed to satiation thrice daily. Growth and feed indices increased significantly with change in dietary CHO/L ratio up to a signifinant level and then decreased (P < 0.05). Maximum Weight gain (118.4 ± 7.8), weight gain rate (35.9 ± 2.5), specific growth rate (0.5 ± 0.03), feed conversion ratio (2.7 ± 0.04), feed efficiency ratio (0.3 ± 0.01), protein efficiency ratio (1.4 ± 0.02) and net protein utilization (30.9 ± 6.3) were observed in diet D5, with CHO/L ratio of 4/8, that didn’t show any significant difference with diet D4, with CHO/L ratio of 3/8, but showed signifinant difference with other diets. It could be concluded that the optimal dietary CHO/L ratio for optimal growth and feeding performance of Barbus sharpeyi juveniles, ranged between 3.8 and 4.8.
Barbus sharpeyi, Carbohydrate, Lipid, Growth, Feeding.
http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-108-en.html
http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-108-en.pdf
Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science
Journal of Oceanography
1562-1057
2476-6755
3
9
2012
4
1
Ecological Assessment of mollusc communities in the rocky shores of Bushehr Province
55
61
FA
Amir
Vaziri zadeh
amirvz@yahoo.com
Y
Mehdi
Mohammadi
N
Ali
Fakhri
N
Present study was carried out to evaluate ecological status of mollusc communities in the rocky shores of Bushehr province. Sampling was performed during three seasons, from winter 2009 to summer 2010. A total of, four stations including rocky shores of Deylam-Genaveh, Bushehr, Dayyer-Kangan and Nayband were selected for sampling. Specimens were collected using 50*50 cm quadrate and metal scraper. The specimens were identified in laboratory using identification key books. In total, 300 sediment samples were collected from mentioned stations. 41 species belonging to three classes of gastropoda (65%), bivalvia (31%) and polyplacphora (chitons) with 4% were identified. The Planaxis sulcatus showed the most abundance among molluscs in the cold season in Deylam – Genaveh region. In the Nayband region, Conus flavidus, Thais savignyi and Chama pacifica were the least abundant species during summer, winter and spring, respectively. Diversity investigation showed that, Nayband in moderate season comprised the most species diversity (3.344). In contrast, Deylam- Genaveh region showed the least diversity (0.617). The results revealed that rocky shores of Deylam to Kangan had moderate to high pollution levels. Due to high levels of tension, low level of stability was observed for mollusc communities of these regions. Nayband, with high level of species diversity, had no pollution and its benthic communities showed high level of stability.
Intertidal zone, Diversity, Dominance, Pollution, Bushehr province, Persian Gulf.
http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-109-en.html
http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-109-en.pdf
Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science
Journal of Oceanography
1562-1057
2476-6755
3
9
2012
4
1
Determination the Lethal Concentration (Lc50 96H) of Diazinon and Machety (Butachlor) on (Vimba vimba persa)
63
68
FA
Hossein
Pashaie chelkasary
hossein_pashaei@yahoo.com
Y
Masoud
Farokhrooz
N
Abbasali
Zamini
N
Yavar
Ebrahimian
N
The acute toxicity of Diazinon insecticide and Machete (Butachlor) herbicide were studied according to standard methods of O.E.C.D (1989) and statistic condition during 4 days (96 hours). During the Experiment period, different water factors such as: pH, water hardness, temperature and dissolved oxygen were determined, with 7 to 8.2, 240 mg.L-1, 25 ± 1ºc, and 7ppm respectively. In this investigation, the sample size was 180 pieces of Vimba vimba persa fish (1 to 2gr) and blank. The fish under 5 treatments with 3 replications were used as the control. Each of 10 fish were transferred to each of 20-liter aquariums. First, preliminary experiments were tested several times in order to determine the case fatality. The results figured out that the rate of acute toxicity (Lc50 96h) for Diazinon and machety (Butachlor) on 1 to 2 grams vimba vimba persa fish were, 0.09 and 0.61 mg.L-1, respectively. Finally, the Lc10, Lc50 and Lc90 were measured using the Probit Analysis Statistical method, as 0.069, 0.091 and 0.120 mg.L-1 for the Diazinon insecticide and 0.58, 0.61 and 0.66 mg. L-1 for machety (Butachlor) herbicides. According to the standard, levels of toxic pesticide and herbicide are classified in the range of "very toxic" foe vimba vimba persa fish (1-2gr).
Insecticide, Herbicide, Diazinon, Butachlor, Vimba vimba persa, Lc5096h.
http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-110-en.html
http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-110-en.pdf
Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science
Journal of Oceanography
1562-1057
2476-6755
3
9
2012
4
1
Spatial and Field Analysis of Physical Parameters of Chabahar Bay Water in Winter Monsoon (2006-2007)
69
77
FA
Fereshteh
Komijani
Y
Vahid
Chegini
N
In spatial statistics predicting an unknown amount of random field in concrete situation based on observations, constitutes the best linear forecasting method. In some applications, in every spatial position, in addition to the variable under investigation, other auxiliary variables may be available for increasing the forecasting accuracy. In this study some physical parameters of the Chabahar Bay were measured by CTD sampling in different layers of water. These included the temperature, salinity, and density of the waters. The general goals of this study include the following: finding out the water density distributions under the influence of other physical parameters of the Bay, the application of new statistical methods such as kriging, co-kriging and inverse-distant weighted, and the forecasting of the aforementioned parameters and density distribution for the whole of the Bay. The statistical methods have been compared in terms of accuracy. Results of density cross-validation analysis showed that the co-kriging method is more accurate than the other methods and that this method is suitable for studying environmental phenomena. The spatial distribution of density has shown that this parameter decreases towards the shore in the winter monsoon of 2006-2007.
Chabahar Bay, Spatial analysis, Kriging, Co-kriging, Inverse-Distance Weighted, Gonou Hurricane.
http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-111-en.html
http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-111-en.pdf
Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science
Journal of Oceanography
1562-1057
2476-6755
3
9
2012
4
1
Studying the Methods of Growth in BIK’s Income by Discounting in Trading Profit
79
84
FA
Nasser
Saeedi
N
Jahangir
Nejati
N
A. Saeed
Nooramin
saeid.nooramin@yahoo.com
Y
Shahriar
Nazari Abkenar
N
Dynamic economy for each country is the base of sustainable development. Such development will be manifested in light of the applicable long-term planning. In this regard, applying the fiscal and monetary control tools make dynamic economy, including the rights and custom duties (custom tariffs) for imported goods.
This research uses descriptive and inferential statistics to examine the relationship between discounting in trading profit and Imam Khomeini port’s income as the port of case study. Results achieved according to data collected through questionnaires and data analysis. The results indicate discounting in trading profit encourages owners to enter their goods through this port. Growth in goods entry has caused growth in income as well as the port’s performance.
Income, Seaport, Trading profit, Entrance of cargo
http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-112-en.html
http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-112-en.pdf