@article{ author = {Zounemat-Kermani, Mohammad and Bay, Yarmohamm}, title = {Efficiency Analysis of Artificial Neural Networks and Multiple Linear Regression Methods for Tides Prediction}, abstract ={Prediction of tides has been received a great attention from decades ago since its importance in admiralship, navigation, port designing and other related issues. The goal of this paper is to investigate the efficiency of predictive models based on Multiple Liner Regression (MLR) and feed-froward Artidicial Neural Networks (ANNs) using 3 learning algorithms of Gradient Descent (GD), Conjugate Gradient (CG) and Levenberg-Marquardt (LM). For this purpose, hourly observed data of Chabahar bay station in the Gulf of Oman and Kish Island and Imam-Khomeini port stations in the Persian Gulf were used. In the current study, the partial auto-correlation was used to determine the appropriate lag of input data. The results of models according to the criteria of RMSE and MAPE indicated that the ANN-LM has the highest accuracy in predicting tides in the 3 stations. This algorithm improved the prediction accuracy about 22%, 4% and 2% compared to MLR, GD and CG models. Finally, the residual analysis revealed the over-predictive behavior of ANNs in Kish Island and Imam Port stations while their under-predictive tendency in Chabahar Bay.}, Keywords = {Multiple linear regression, Artificial neural network, Gradient descent, Conjugate gradient, Levenberg-Marquardt, Tides prediction}, volume = {4}, Number = {13}, pages = {1-10}, publisher = {Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science}, url = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-326-en.html}, eprint = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-326-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Oceanography}, issn = {1562-1057}, eissn = {2476-6755}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Vafaie, Boshra and Chegini, Vahid and Saghaie, Abbas and Ezam, Mojtab}, title = {Classification of Water Masses in Chabahar Bay Using Clustering Method}, abstract ={Nowadays, with the huge amount of data generated daily on oceanography parameters and development of marine data recording systems, new methods are required in order to process the available data in timely fashion. It is obvious that analysis of large data sets with the aim of distinguishing and interpreting patterns is not usually an easy task. When dealing with high volume processes, data mining is a practical method commonly considered by analysts to discover useful patterns among data sets effectively. Clustering is one of the popular data mining methods which are widely used in physical oceanography. In this research, a two-step algorithm is considered for clustering the stations in Chabahar Bay. A neural network is also used to investigate the influences of temperature and salinity on tempo-spatial distribution of Sigma-T. For this purpose, 11 networks are created in Clementine software (one for each month) and the results indicate an exception in November. The plotted contours in Surfer software confirm the data mining results.}, Keywords = {Chabahar, Sigma T, Data mining, Clustering, Neural network, Clementine, Surfer}, volume = {4}, Number = {13}, pages = {11-19}, publisher = {Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science}, url = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-327-en.html}, eprint = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-327-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Oceanography}, issn = {1562-1057}, eissn = {2476-6755}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {}, title = {Survey of Heavy Metals (Ni, Pb, Cu and Zn) Accumulation in Muscle, Liver, Kidney, Gill and Scales of Hipophthalmichthys molitrix of Sistan, s Chahnimeh}, abstract ={Heavy metals in aquatic ecosystems accumulating in the tissues of aquatic biota will enter the human body through the food chain. Depending on the concentration and toxicityof absorbed heavy metals, the clinical effects are observed.The aim of this study was to surveymetals accumulation pattern including Ni, Pb, Cu and Zn in muscle, gill, scale, liver and kidney tissues of HipophthalmichthysmolitrixofSistanChahnimeh reservoirs. Also, theheavy metal concentrationin fish muscle was compared to food standards. After sampling, preparation of tissues and digestion with Nitric acid, the concentration of each element was measured by using atomic absorption spectrophotometer Konik model Novaa 300 in µg/g d.w. The pattern of essential metals accumulation (Zn and Cu) was measured in liver and gills and of nonessential metals like Ni was found in liver and kidney. The high accumulation of Cu was obtained in liver (63.42 µg.g), Zn in gills (74.40 µg.g), Ni in kidney (0.41 µg.g) and Pb in liver (0.19 µg.g). Due to the needs of aquatic organism to the above mentioned heavy metals for metabolism activities, the high accumulations of essential metals (Cu and Zn) are in liver and gills. The Ni had high level in kidney due to the disposal mechanism of this element form fish body. The pattern of nonessential metals accumulation in kidney and liver tissues was similar to scales.Therefore,the scale can be a useful bioindicator for the accumulated metalsin aquatic organisms.The concentration of metals in muscle was lower than the standards and therefore, is not dangerous for fish consumers.}, Keywords = {Heavy metals, Hipophthalmichthys molitrix, Gill, Liver, Kidney, Scale, Muscle, Chahnimeh Reservoirs.}, volume = {4}, Number = {13}, pages = {21-28}, publisher = {Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science}, url = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-328-en.html}, eprint = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-328-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Oceanography}, issn = {1562-1057}, eissn = {2476-6755}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {NicknamShiri, Azam and Abdi, Rahim and Salati, Amir Parviz and Movahedinia, AbdolAli and Marammazi, Jasem}, title = {Effect of Different Dietary Protein Concentrationon Hematological Parameters of Fingerling Sparidentex hasta}, abstract ={Sparidentexhasta is a beneficial and economical fish in the Persian Gulf that these years much attention has been paid to and is a good candidate for marine aquaculture in coastal zones of Iran. Optimal levels of dietary components ensure optimum growth and health of fish. In this paper, feeding the Sparidentexhasta with different levels of protein and amino acidwas carried out in order to investigate their effects on hematological parameters. After adaptation in 2 weeks by a lipid-free diet, the fish of (30 to 35gr) were fed for 8 weeks by experimental diets in 300 L tanks (n=36). The fish were fed two times a day at 10:00 am and 17 pm with 4 proteinlevels (45%, 50%, 55% and 60%) that was repeated 3 times in 60 days. At the end of the experiment, the blood samples were taken by heparinized syringes. Then RBC and WBC were counted. Hematocrit, Hemoglobin and blood indices showed no significant difference in different groups. The results of hematological parameters showed that the used diet was in optimal condition for culturing Sparidentexhasta.}, Keywords = {Dietary protein, Hematological parameters, Sparidentex hasta.}, volume = {4}, Number = {13}, pages = {29-35}, publisher = {Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science}, url = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-329-en.html}, eprint = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-329-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Oceanography}, issn = {1562-1057}, eissn = {2476-6755}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Taati, Reza and Tatina, Mostafa and Bahmani, Mahmoud and Soltani, Mehdi}, title = {The Effect of Different Levels of Prebiotic Immunowall on the Growth Indices and Carcass Composition in FarmedGreat Sturgeon Juveniles (Huso huso)}, abstract ={This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of different levels of prebiotic Immunowall (IW) on the growth indices and carcass composition infarmed great sturgeon juveniles (Husohuso) for 8 weeks.After one month acclimatization period to rearing conditions and basal diet, 270 farmed great sturgeon juveniles weighing 95.30 ± 8.99 g were distributed into nine 2000-L fiberglass tanks in three treatments (Control, IW 1% and IW 3%) in three replicates (completely randomized design) and kept at a density of 30 fish per tank. At the end of 8th week, final weight, final length, body weight increase (BWI), specific growth rate (SGR), average daily growth (ADG), protein efficiency ratio (PER), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and condition factor (CF) in fish fed on IW in levels 1% and 3% showed significant differences compared with the control (P<0.05). Crude protein of carcass in fish fed on IW at 3% showed a significant increase in comparison with the control (P<0.05). The results showed that Immunowall at level of 3% can influence enhancement of growth performance and feed efficiency in farmed great sturgeon juveniles.}, Keywords = {Prebiotic, Immunowall, Growth Indices, Carcass Composition and Great Sturgeon (Huso huso).}, volume = {4}, Number = {13}, pages = {37-44}, publisher = {Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science}, url = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-330-en.html}, eprint = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-330-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Oceanography}, issn = {1562-1057}, eissn = {2476-6755}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Bolouki, Mehdi and Savari, Ahmad and Nabavi, Mohammad Bagher and Rounagh, Mohammad Taghi and Daneshmand, Ali}, title = {Comparison of Symbiotic Algae Densities in Coral Comparison of Symbiotic Algae Densities in Coral}, abstract ={Coral reefs function in a symbiotic relationship with dinoflagellates (zooxanthellae). Continuous release of anthropogenic pollutants, mainly into the aquatic environments, and the resulting global climate change threatens coral health by endangering this symbiotic relationship. The object of this study is to measure the zooxanthellae density in Poritescompressa to estimate health of coral reefs in the Northern part of Nay Band Bay in the vicinity of the South Pars Petrochemical facilities and southern part of Nay Band Bay farther away from these industrials. Corals in the north of Nay Band Bay showed more signs of degradation. The highest mean zooxanthellae density was 3607849±229894 N/cm2 in south of Nay Band Bay in February. Mean zooxanthellae density was significantly (p<0.05) higher in the south of Nay Bad Bay in February than other months, indicating healthier corals at this region.}, Keywords = {Coral reef, Zooxanthellae, Porites compressa, Anthropogenic pollutant.}, volume = {4}, Number = {13}, pages = {45-51}, publisher = {Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science}, url = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-331-en.html}, eprint = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-331-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Oceanography}, issn = {1562-1057}, eissn = {2476-6755}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Kamrani, Ehsan and Behzadi, Siyamak and Hashemipour, Fariborz}, title = {Identification and Survey of Bivalvia and Gastropoda in Bandar Abbas Coastal Waters (Persian Gulf)}, abstract ={This study was carried out to identify the abundance of bivalves and gastropods communities seasonally from winter 2009 to autumn 2010 in the northern part of the Persian Gulf. For this purpose, Bandar Abbas coastal waters were divided to 5 transects. Random sampling and 0.04-m2 Peterson grab were used for samples collection. We collected 9 samples at 3 stations along each transects. Based on the records from all samples, 19 families were identified that among them 8 families belonged to bivalves and 11 families belonged to gastropods. The results of variance Analysis (Tukey test) showed significant difference in abundance of gastropods and bivalves in St1 and St2 with other stations )p0.05) (95% confidence interval). Also, abundance of families in summer 2010 were different from other seasons ) p<0.05, 95% confidence interval). Maximum and minimum content of silt (autumn and summer of 2010 with 50.68 and 43.2 % respectively), of clay (winter 2009 and autumn of 2010 with 11.38 and 9.64 % respectively) and of sand (spring 2010 and winter of 2009 with 40.34 and 39.56% respectively) were calculated. Also, Maximum of Shanon index for bivalves and gastropods were determined in the spring of 2010 (St 2, 0.99), and in the summer of 2010 (St5, 0.61), respectively.}, Keywords = {Bivalvia, Gastropoda, Identification, Bandar Abbas.}, volume = {4}, Number = {13}, pages = {53-60}, publisher = {Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science}, url = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-332-en.html}, eprint = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-332-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Oceanography}, issn = {1562-1057}, eissn = {2476-6755}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Madani, Zia E.}, title = {The Consequences of the Legal Regime of Marine Scientific Research on Marine Sciences in the 1982 Convention on the Law of the Sea}, abstract ={This Article intends to explore the existing legal literature on marine scientific research, derived from resources of international law of the sea, in order to study the concept and framework therein to find out what consequences the Legal Regime of Marine Scientific Research has so far had on Marine Sciences since the adoption of the 1982 Convention on the Law of the Sea and particularly part XIII of the said Convention. The significance of this task is that Part XIII of the UNCLOS clearly precludes other marine research activities from Marine Scientific Research and places them under different legal regimes. More or less identical qualities, tools and processes in most of these research activities led into difficulties in distinction one from another. Furthermore, the most significant outcome of this thesis is to determine the distinct legal effects upon which such concept and framework of marine research, particularly “marine scientific research”, would have on rights and obligations of (coastal and research) states.Parts XIII of UNCLOS provides for the co-operation among States, either directly or through competent international organizations, in the field of marine scientific research.}, Keywords = {International Law, Law of the Sea, UN 1982 Convention on the Law of the Sea, Marine}, volume = {4}, Number = {13}, pages = {61-72}, publisher = {Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science}, url = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-335-en.html}, eprint = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-335-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Oceanography}, issn = {1562-1057}, eissn = {2476-6755}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {KianiMoghadam, Mansoor and JafarzadehKenari, Mehdi and Bakhshizadeh, Alirez}, title = {RelativeEfficiency Appraisalof Iranian Ports Using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) Technique}, abstract ={The purpose of present study is to compare the relative efficiency of Iranian ports and identify the efficient ports in 2009 to 2011. Applied-analytical method was used and statistical population includes important Iranian ports. Data are gathered from Port and Maritime Organization of Iran. Data include the years 2009, 2010 and March to November 2011. CCR model is used to determine the efficiency ratio of ports and to distinguish efficient and inefficient ports. For the units that are identified as efficient by CCR model, Anderson–Pearson (AP) was used. For analyzing data, LINGO and SPSS software was used. Findings showed that in 2009, 36%, in 2010, 27% and in 2011, 27% of main Iranian ports have been efficient. In 2009 and 2010, Bahonar and in 2011, Rajaei ports were recognized as the most efficient Iranian ports. Finally, virtual ports were introduced as a pattern for inefficient ports. Inefficient ports will achieve efficiency if they can be promoted to achieve the conditions of their similar virtual ports.}, Keywords = {Port Industry, Relative Efficiency, Data Envelopment Analysis, Performance Appraisal.}, volume = {4}, Number = {13}, pages = {73-83}, publisher = {Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science}, url = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-333-en.html}, eprint = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-333-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Oceanography}, issn = {1562-1057}, eissn = {2476-6755}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Parvaresh, Hossein and Parvaresh, Elyas and Parvaresh, Zeinab}, title = {Estimating the Physical, Real and Permissible Carrying Capacity of Recreational Boating for Mangrove Forests of Hara-e Rode Gaz International Wetland}, abstract ={In this study, the physical carrying capacity, real carrying capacity and permissible carrying capacity of recreational boating for mangrove forests of Hara-eRode Gaz international wetland has been estimated. This area has a unique mangrove ecosystem. Unfortunately, an increasing number of visitors to the protected areas, apart from economic benefits, have created many problems and environmental damages, so the need for effective management of tourism in protected areas will be felt more than ever. One of the best solutions for preventing and reducing problems in protected areas is estimating the carrying capacity. In this paper, the carrying capacity of recreational boating for Mangrove forests of Hara-e Rode Gaz international wetland has been estimated. For estimating the physical carrying capacity (PCC(, the wetland area and the required area for eachboat was used and physical carrying capacity was estimated using existing formula. For estimating the real carrying capacity (RCC), the corrective factors (Cf) include very hot days, stormy and rainy days and season of birds breeding have been applied to the PCC. Finally, for estimating the permissible carrying capacity, Infrastructure Capacity and management capacity were estimated and applied to the RCC. Results showed that the physical carrying capacity is 380 boat/day, real carrying capacity is 166 boat/day and Effective or Permissible Carrying Capacity is 41 boat/day.}, Keywords = {Mangrove forests, Hara-e Rode Gaz International Wetland, Carrying Capacity, Real Carrying Capacity, Coastal tourism.}, volume = {4}, Number = {13}, pages = {85-92}, publisher = {Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science}, url = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-334-en.html}, eprint = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-334-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Oceanography}, issn = {1562-1057}, eissn = {2476-6755}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Tajziehchi, Mojtaba and Hadjinia, Hame}, title = {Numerical Modeling of Shoreline Response to Multi-Purpose V-shaped Submerged Breakwaters}, abstract ={Submerged breakwaters are some type of effective coastal structures that are commonly being used to protect coastal area against erosion. Submerged breakwaters reduce wave energy approaching the beach by stimulating waves to break and dissipate their energy over the structure. In present study, a new approach toward numerical modeling (using the roller model) of shoreline response to a multi-purpose V-shaped submerged breakwater has been presented. The results of a series of 2DH numerical modeling tests indicate that shoreline response to multi-purpose V-shaped submerged breakwater scan varies between erosive and accretive, depending on the offshore distance to the structure. Breakwater crest level has significant impact on the magnitude of shoreline response, but not on the mode of shoreline response (i.e. erosion vs. accretion).}, Keywords = {Multi-purpose V-shaped submerged breakwaters, Numerical modeling, Shoreline response.}, volume = {4}, Number = {14}, pages = {1-11}, publisher = {Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science}, url = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-369-en.html}, eprint = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-369-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Oceanography}, issn = {1562-1057}, eissn = {2476-6755}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Bakhtiari, Arash and Komijani, Fereshteh and Allahyar, Mohammad Reza and Tavakoli, Mahmou}, title = {An Investigation on PMO Dynamic Model in Bushehr Bay, Persian Gulf, Iran}, abstract ={Due to the lack of measurements in many regions, wave characteristics are estimated using different methods. Wave climate hindcasting/forecasting is mostly conducted by numerical models or empirical methods. Until now, different empirical methods have been developed for wave hindcasting. However, with the development of high speed processors, several sophisticated numerical models have been developed for wave prediction. These models are mostly phase-averaged spectral wave models developed in three generations. In the last two decades, third generation wave models have been used widely in academic and practical projects. In this regard, Port and Maritime Organization has produced his own model, PMO Dynamic. This model has been developed as a part of first three phases of Monitoring and Modeling of Study of Iranian Coasts project. PMO Dynamic package is a software available for engineering purposes. It has several modules that have been developed for different objectives. Wave model is the module which is used for the generation and transformation of wind waves in coastal areas. In this paper, in order to test the PMO Dynamic model capabilities, it has been applied for the prediction of wave parameters in Bushehr Bay and the results have been compared with MIKE21 SW model and measured data.}, Keywords = {PMO Dynamic, MIKE21 SW, Bushehr Bay, Wave distribution.}, volume = {4}, Number = {14}, pages = {13-18}, publisher = {Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science}, url = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-370-en.html}, eprint = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-370-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Oceanography}, issn = {1562-1057}, eissn = {2476-6755}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Cheraghi, Mitra and Safahieh, Alireza and DadolahiSohrab, Ali and Ghanemi, kamal and Doraghi, Abdolmaji}, title = {Determination of Heavy Metals Concentrations in the Mangroves (Avicennia marina) and Sediments of Imam Khomeini Port}, abstract ={Heavy metals have caused many environmental problems in aquatic ecosystems. These elements enter into the environment by natural factors, industrial activities, agriculture and urban sewages and can accumulate in aquatic organisms through the food chain. Mangroves as a food chain ring are able to adsorb heavy metals and can indicate elements concentrations in the ecosystem. In this study, to determine the concentration of heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Ni, Cd) in sediments and mangroves in Imam Khomeini Port and to investigate the mobility of these metals based on enrichment factor, nine stations were selected and samples collected from mangrove’s leaves, roots, and sediments. The samples were digested in concentrated acid and metal concentrations were determined using atomic absorption. Results showed that metal concentrations in the roots of plants were more than in the leaves and there was a significant correlation between concentrations of metals in the sediment and plant roots. Therefore, mangrove roots can be a good biomonitor for polluted sediments with heavy metals. The average of enrichment coefficients in leaves and roots of mangroves for all metals was less than 1, that shows accumulation and availability are medium in this plant.}, Keywords = {Heavy Metal, Sediment, Avicennia marina, Imam Khomeini Port.}, volume = {4}, Number = {14}, pages = {19-25}, publisher = {Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science}, url = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-371-en.html}, eprint = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-371-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Oceanography}, issn = {1562-1057}, eissn = {2476-6755}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Bagheri, Zahra and RiyahiBakhtiari, Alireza and Bagheri, Hossei}, title = {Concentration and Source Identification of Pb and Cd in the Surface Sediments of Bandar-Abbas Coasts Using Sequential Extraction Technique}, abstract ={In this study, surface sediment samples (n=20) from Bandar Abbas were chemically analyzed to determine total concentration of lead and cadmium and their sources. The sampling was performed from two stations Terminal of Bandar Abbas and Tourist Park of Soro, located in Hormozgan province in spring 2011. Direct Aqua Regia digestion method, sequential extraction techniques and subsequently Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (GFAAS) were used to determine total concentrations of Pb and Cd in geochemical sectors of the sediments. The results demonstrated that total concentration of Pb and Cd varied from 593.7 to 1206.2 and from 29.3 to 30.5 ng g-1, respectively. The resistant fraction of total concentration was about 62.5 and 79.1 percent for Pb and 73.4 and 71.2 percent for Cd in the sediments of Terminal of Bandar Abbas and Tourist Park of Soro, respectively. It reveals that more than half of the total lead and cadmium in coastal sediments of the stations originated from natural sources. High ratio of this fraction in the sediments showed that anthropogenic sources of metal pollution in the coastal stations of the sampling areas have fewer role and elevated concentrations of the elements in this fraction is due to the higher values of them, which are occurred naturally in the earth's crust.}, Keywords = {Metals source, Sediments, Sequential extraction, Bandar Abbas.}, volume = {4}, Number = {14}, pages = {27-33}, publisher = {Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science}, url = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-372-en.html}, eprint = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-372-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Oceanography}, issn = {1562-1057}, eissn = {2476-6755}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Mirza, Roozbeh and Fakhri, Ali and Faghiri, Iraj and Azimi, Ali}, title = {A Investigation of Nickel and Vanadium Ratio from Oil Pollution in Sediments and Rocky Shore Oysters (Saccostrea cucullata) in Bushehr Coasts (Persian Gulf)}, abstract ={The Persian Gulf area has approximately two-thirds of the words oil resources and many of the marine ecosystems of its areas are seriously threatened by oil pollution. Therefore, the study on the status of oil pollution in the Persian Gulf is considerable. Vanadium and Nickel are by far the largest traced metal constituents of crude oil. Their presence in high concentration in marine sediments may indicate direct input from oil pollutants. Therefore, Vanadium and Nickel are two important indicators of oil pollution. In this study, concentrations of these elements as well as their ratio (V/Ni) in the rocky shore oysters (Saccostera cucullata) and in the sediments of Bushehr province coasts were determined. The sampling and analysis were performed in February 2012. Samples were collected from rocky shores of four stations Genaveh, Bushehr, Dayer and Nyband Gulf. The samples were acid digested and analyzed for heavy metal content using an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (YOUNGLIN, Model ASS 8020). The average concentrations of Ni and V in the sediment samples were varied from 22.48 to 51.10 μg/g dry weight and 7.64 to 31.53 μg/g dry weight, respectively. While their average concentrations in oyster sample were varied from 4.22 to 10.51 μg/g dry weight and 1.26 to 6.2 μg/g dry weight, respectively. The V/Ni ratios of the Persian Gulf crude oil/residues do not correlate with those of the sediments due to the alteration of the relationship between the two metals in the sediments. Based on Muller geochemical index (Igeo), sediment quality for Ni and V is in class 0 (unpolluted).}, Keywords = {Bivalvia, Gastropoda, Identification, Bandar Abbas.}, volume = {4}, Number = {14}, pages = {35-43}, publisher = {Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science}, url = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-373-en.html}, eprint = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-373-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Oceanography}, issn = {1562-1057}, eissn = {2476-6755}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Behbahani, Reza and Lak, Razyeh and Hossieinyar, Gholamreza and Dehghan, Afsaneh}, title = {Effects of Dissolved Oxygen, Biogenic Content, Bioturbation and Particles Size on Organic Matter Preservation Potential in Surfacial Sediments of Northern Part of the Persian Gulf}, abstract ={This study revealed that the dissolved oxygen level, biogenic content, bioturbation and particles size control the distribution of total organic carbon (TOC) in the surfacial sediments of Northern part of the Persian Gulf (from Strait of Hormoz to Khowr-e-Mussa). 525 surface sediment samples taken between 10 and 100 m water depth with Van Veen Grab were analyzed for biogenic content (bioturbating organisms), TOC (Rock-Eval Pyrolysis), mineralogy and particles size. Bed sediments are composed of terrigenous (quartz, feldspar, rock fragment and clay minerals) and chemical-biochemical (bivalve, gastropod, ostracod, bryozoa, planktonic and benthic foraminifera, echinoderm spine and fish notochord) particles. Based on these studies, muddy sediments, total organic carbon (0.03 to 1.48 wt%) and planktonic foraminifera (such as cyclomina and globorotalides) are increased and dissolved oxygen level (5 to 6.2 ppm) is decreased in deeper parts of eastern and middle sections of studied area than coastal area which indicates high potential for organic matter preservation in muddy sediments of the Persian Gulf with lower dissolved oxygen level and lower bioturbation (decrease in benthic content).}, Keywords = {Biogenic content, Bioturbation, Total organic carbon, Bed sediments, Planktonic foraminifera, Persian Gulf.}, volume = {4}, Number = {14}, pages = {45-56}, publisher = {Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science}, url = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-374-en.html}, eprint = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-374-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Oceanography}, issn = {1562-1057}, eissn = {2476-6755}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {NasrollahzadehSaravi, Hassan and Solimaniroudi, Abdollah and Makhlough, Asieh and Negarestan, Hossein and Eslami, Fereshteh}, title = {An Investigation of the Relation Between Dominant Orders of Macrobenthos and Environmental Parameters in the Southern Caspian Sea Using Canonical Correspondence and Principle Component Analyses}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to find the relations between macro-benthos dominant orders and environmental parameters using mono and multivariate analysis in the southern part of the Caspian Sea in 2009-2010. 160 samples were collected in four seasons and in eight transects perpendicular to the coast from depths of 5, 10, 20, 50 and 100 meters. Results of the current study showed that Polychaeta had the highest abundance compared to other main orders (Oligochaeta and Crustacea). Results also indicated that CCA test was more compatible with ecological evidences compared to mono and other multivarite anaylysis (PCA). The CCA results showed that Polychaeta was in inverse relationship with TOM and siltclay, while the Oligochaeta was directly related to sediments characteristics (TOM) and in inverse relationship with environmental parameter (DO%). The dominance of deposit feeder group of Polychaeta (Streblospio genus from Spionidae) indicates high level of organic matter in sediment and trophic status of ecosystem.}, Keywords = {Macrobenthos, Environmental parameters, Multivariate analysis, Caspian Sea.}, volume = {4}, Number = {14}, pages = {57-68}, publisher = {Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science}, url = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-375-en.html}, eprint = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-375-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Oceanography}, issn = {1562-1057}, eissn = {2476-6755}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Heidari, Behrooz and Golchinrad, Ali and Haghi, Niloofar and Yavari, Leil}, title = {Study on Physiological Responses of Silver Carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) Exposed to the Anionic Detergents}, abstract ={Anionic detergents have the highest consumption among the detergents and are one of the pollutants of aquatic systems. In the present study, the effects of these detergents on hematological parameters of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix were investigated. For this purpose, three treatments containing anionic detergent concentrations of 0.5, 1 and 1.5 ppm and also one control treatment (no detergent) was considered. The fish were exposed to this material for two weeks. Blood samples from the caudal fin vein (with a 2 cc syringe) were taken. Blood samples were used to determine hematocrit, hemoglobin, red and white blood cell count and MCV, MCH and MCHC indices. According to the result, the values obtained by measuring the levels of hematocrit, hemoglobin and white blood cell count decreased significantly compared to the control treatment (P<0.05). But the number of red blood cells, unlike other blood parameters in the control treatment was lower than the other treatments (P<0.05) and the highest amount was observed in the 0.5 ppm treatment (P<0.05). The highest and lowest levels of MCV and MCH indices were measured in control and 0.5 ppm treatment, respectively (P0.05). In general, it seems that even low concentrations of anionic detergents can make important changes in hematological parameters, hematopoiesis processes, and even non-specific immune system of silver carp. Therefore, the high consumption of detergents and their entrance into the aquatic systems can lead to failures in reproduction and breeding of this commercial species.}, Keywords = {Anionic detergents, Hematology, Blood indices, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix.}, volume = {4}, Number = {14}, pages = {69-76}, publisher = {Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science}, url = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-376-en.html}, eprint = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-376-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Oceanography}, issn = {1562-1057}, eissn = {2476-6755}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Derakhshesh, Negin and Savari, Ahmad and Dostahenas, Babak and DehghanMadise, Simin and Doraghi, Abdolmaji}, title = {Biomass and Production of the Marine Sponge Family: Haliclonidae (Haliclona simulans and Haliclona oculata) on Artificial Reefs in Northwest of the Persian Gulf}, abstract ={Sponges are important components of the Persian Gulf animal communities. In this research, ecological characterization of the marine sponge, family: Haliclonidae (Haliclona simulans and Haliclona oculata) on Artificial Reefs (ARs) of Bahrakan in Northwest of the Persian Gulf was studied. Seasonal variations in biomass and productivity in two species of sponges were estimated. The sampling was carried out (from May 2009 to February 2010) by using SCUBA diving at 12m depth by throwing quadrate (0.25×0.25) randomly. 4 sites (A, B, C and D) were selected for sampling, one site were placed on old artificial reef (D) and three others on new artificial reef (A, B and C). Sponge production in ARs was studied over one year period. In both species, biomass peaks were found in February and March (Winter). The minimal production during the period of study was recorded in warm seasons. The average production for H. simulans and H. oculata was: 7.01 gAFDMm-2yr-1, yielding P/B ratio of 0.88 and 7.39 gAFDMm-2yr-1, yielding P/B ratio of 0.30, respectively. Chemical and physical factors (temperate, salinity and DO) of water in each season were measured and their relationships with biomass of sponges were compared. The results of relation between physicochemical properties of water and sponges biomass showed that the increase in salinity during cold seasons corresponded with increased biomass of vice versa.}, Keywords = {Sponge, Biomass, Productivity, Artificial Reefs (ARs), Persian Gulf.}, volume = {4}, Number = {14}, pages = {77-84}, publisher = {Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science}, url = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-377-en.html}, eprint = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-377-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Oceanography}, issn = {1562-1057}, eissn = {2476-6755}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Fatemi, Seyed Mohamad Reza and RowshanTabari, Mojgan and Pourgholam, Reza and MousaviNadoushan, Rezvan and Vosoghi, Gholamhosein and Rahmati, Rahimeh and Khodaparast, Nourbakhsh}, title = {Distribution of Different Groups of Zooplankton in Different Depths in the Southern Caspian Sea}, abstract ={This study was carried out on the community variations of zooplankton in different depths (5-100m) at 8 stations in 2008. Samples were collected through a zooplankton net (100 μm mesh) by R/V Gilan vessel. The most abundant zooplankton and its biomass were in depth of 5m in all seasons, but abundance decreased from coastal area towards deeper area as 74% (Spring and Summer), 57% (Autumn) and 70% (Winter) of zooplankton community were in depths of 5 and 10m. The Copepoda constituted the main community in different depths and seasons during the year. This group was distributed with the abundance of 164 ind/m3 in depth of 100m in spring to 11289 ind/m3 in depth of 5m in summer during the year. The Rotatoria community increased in winter and it formed 48% of zooplankton abundance and 74% of its biomass. Its abundance decreased in spring and summer, but it increased during fall again.}, Keywords = {Zooplankton, Abundance, Biomass, Caspian Sea.}, volume = {4}, Number = {14}, pages = {85-92}, publisher = {Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science}, url = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-378-en.html}, eprint = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-378-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Oceanography}, issn = {1562-1057}, eissn = {2476-6755}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Kooseg, Naser and Rahmani, Abdolvahed and Kamrani, Ehsan and Taherizadeh, Mohammad Reza and Alinia, M}, title = {Body Size Relationship with the Accumulation of Lead in Mudskipper Periophthalmus waltoni in Northern Persian Gulf}, abstract ={In this study, the relationship between fish (Mudskipper Periophthalmus waltoni) body size and accumulation of lead was investigated in the regions of Khamir Port, Dargahan and Golshahr (Persian Gulf). 180 fish were randomly collected (30 fishes per station per seasons) during summer and winter 2011. Fish muscle tissue was separated after biometry. The tissue was disgusted and analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS). The results showed that there was significant positive correlation between the concentration of lead and fish size (p<0.05). We found a significant difference between the concentration of lead in different stations (p<0.05). In both summer and winter, accumulation of lead in the muscle of Mudskipper waltoni was higher than other sampling areas. However, the lead level in the fish tissue was lower than global standards (FAO/WHO 2.14 μg/g). Petroleum industrial and municipal activities in these areas may be the source of pollution in the selected sampling areas.}, Keywords = {Mudskipper waltoni, Persian Gulf, Contamination lead, Atomic absorption.}, volume = {4}, Number = {15}, pages = {1-9}, publisher = {Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science}, url = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-414-en.html}, eprint = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-414-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Oceanography}, issn = {1562-1057}, eissn = {2476-6755}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Hadavi, Fatemeh and Mojtahedin, Elham}, title = {Calcareous Nannoplanktons of Eastern Strait of Hormuz}, abstract ={In the current study, calcareous nannoplanktons from East of the Strait of Hormuz are going to be introduced. For the first time, 15 samples were selected from this area and 27 species and 16 genera were identified. We have found 3 collections in the studied fossils associations. Some of them had high abundance, such as Gephyrocapsa oceanica and Emiliania huxleyi, and some other species were rarely found, such as Braarudosphaera bigelowii, Calcidiscus leptoporus, Umbilicosphaera sibogae and Umbellosphaera tenuis. The third collection included reworked species of Cretaceous and Neogene deposits. The found fossils show that these sediments deposited in the marginal sea were rich in nutrients and had high productivity.}, Keywords = {Calcareous nannoplankton, Marginal sea, Nutrients, Productivity, Strait of Hormuz.}, volume = {4}, Number = {15}, pages = {11-19}, publisher = {Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science}, url = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-415-en.html}, eprint = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-415-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Oceanography}, issn = {1562-1057}, eissn = {2476-6755}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Peyghan, Soroor and Savari, Ahmad and Sakhaee, Nasrin and Doostshenas, Babak and DehghanMadiseh, Simi}, title = {Study of Diversity and Density of Calanoid Copepods (Copepoda: Calanoida) in Bahrakan Waters (Northwestern Persian Gulf)}, abstract ={The aim of this investigation was to study the Calanoid Copepods density and diversity in Bahrakan waters (Hendijan Harbor, Persian Gulf, Iran). Sampling was conducted during July, August and October 2010 and December, February and April 2011. Zooplankton were collected with plankton tows using 100- μm mesh net. Environmental parameters including salinity, temperature and dissolved oxygen were measured. In this study, 16 species of Calanoids were identified, among them Acartiella faoensis with relative frequency of 28% was the most abundant species during the studying period. This species was first reported from the Persian Gulf Iranian waters. The Calanoid density was highest in August and lowest in December and February. There was Positive significant correlation coefficient between density of Calanoids and water temperature (P<0.05). The Shannon diversity index was maximum in July and ranged from 0.98 to 2.42 during the year.}, Keywords = {Calanoids, Environmental parameters, Shannon index, Acartiella faoensis, Bahrakan.}, volume = {4}, Number = {15}, pages = {21-27}, publisher = {Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science}, url = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-416-en.html}, eprint = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-416-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Oceanography}, issn = {1562-1057}, eissn = {2476-6755}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {NasrollahzadehSaravi, Hassan and Makhlough, Asieh and Roshantabari, Mozhgan and Eslami, Fereshteh}, title = {Study of Feeding Behavior of Zooplankton- Phytoplankton in Different Seasons in the Southern Caspian Sea Using Multivariate Analysis}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to find the trophic relationship between zooplankton and phytoplankton using multivariate analysis in the southern part of the Caspian Sea during 2009-2010. Sampling was performed in four seasons (spring, summer, autumn and winter) and in eight transects perpendicular to the coast. 384 phytoplankton and 160 zooplankton samples were collected over five different water depths (5, 10, 20, 50 and 100 meters). Multivariate statistical analysis (PCA, CCA and SMRA) showed that high abundance of filamented species of Cyanophyta (Oscillatoria sp.), chain form (Dactyliosolen fragilissima) and large size (Pseudosolenia calcar-avis) of Bacillariophyta had the main role in zooplznkton feeding pattern, particularly in summer and winter. Small size phytoplankton (Cyclotella meneghiniana, Exuviaella cordata) and relatively short filament (Binuclearia lauterbornii) were occasionally eaten by zooplankton. Feeding habits of zooplankton species were not the same in different seasons and was strongly depended on the phytoplankton structure (species diversity and abundance). Low species diversity and abundance of zooplankton which accompanied with high species diversity and abundance of phytoplankton were the main reasons that limited top-down control of zooplankton on phytoplankton abundance reduction through grazing.}, Keywords = {Zooplankton, Phytoplankton, Feeding, Caspian Sea.}, volume = {4}, Number = {15}, pages = {29-38}, publisher = {Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science}, url = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-417-en.html}, eprint = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-417-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Oceanography}, issn = {1562-1057}, eissn = {2476-6755}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Azimi, Ali and Safahieh, Alireza and DadolahiSohrab, Ali}, title = {Comparison of Mercury and Cadmium Bioaccumulation in Oyster Crassostrea sp. Soft Tissue during Experimental Exposure}, abstract ={In this study, the bioaccumulation of mercury and cadmium in the soft tissue of Crassostrea sp. were studied at experimental conditions. Also, the bioaccumulation trend of Hg and Cd in oysters were analyzed and compared during exposure period. The oysters collected from harbor No. 28 in the coast of Imam Khomeini port had lowest pollution of Hg and Cd according to the last studies. After 7 days of acclimation in laboratory, the oysters exposed to Hg at concentrations of 15 and 75 μ􀝃. 􀝈-1 and Cd at concentrations of 15 and 150 μ􀝃􀝈-1 for 14 days. Heavy metal contents in oysters were measured by atomic absorption per 48 hours. Results indicated that the Hg bioaccumulation in bivalve soft tissue was faster and stronger than Cd bioaccumulation, despite the fact that Hg had lower concentration in the experiment. The maximum bioaccumulation of metals in bivalves soft tissue was 107.6±6.7 μ􀝃. 􀝃-1 Hg and 86.5±7.6 μ􀝃. 􀝃 Cd at experimental dose of 75 μ􀝃. 􀝈-1 Hg and 150 μ􀝃. 􀝈-1 Cd, respectively.}, Keywords = {Mercury, Cadmium, Bioaccumulation, Exposure, Oyster.}, volume = {4}, Number = {15}, pages = {39-47}, publisher = {Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science}, url = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-418-en.html}, eprint = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-418-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Oceanography}, issn = {1562-1057}, eissn = {2476-6755}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {}, title = {Examination of PAHs Contamination in Bushehr Shoreline in Summers}, abstract ={In order to investigate the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) concentration in the marine coastal area of Bushehr, seawater and sediment samples were collected from 5 stations along Bushehr shore line. The total PAHs (tPAHs) concentrations ranged from 4.0 to 31.0 μg L-1 and 845.0 to 4790.0 ng g-1 in seawater and sediment, respectively. Results showed that tPAHs concentrations in seawater and sediment were significantly different among the studied stations (P<0.05). The maximum tPAHs concentration was measured in the seawater and sediment collected from Rafael while the minimum values were observed in the Abshirinkon station. The Concentration of anthracene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene and pyrene in seawater was appeared above the standard rate mentioned by Canadian environmental quality guidelines. Different patterns of tPAHs composition were observed in water and sediment among the studied stations. Based on the number of the rings in the molecules, 3 rings PAHs were dominant in the seawater, while in the sediment, 5 and 6 rings PAHs appeared in the higher concentrations. Comparison between tPAHs concentration in Bushehr coastal area with previously studied locations in the world showed that PAHs contamination in the Bushehr coastal area is considerable.}, Keywords = {Pollution, PAHs, Sediment, Seawater, Bushehr.}, volume = {4}, Number = {15}, pages = {49-58}, publisher = {Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science}, url = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-419-en.html}, eprint = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-419-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Oceanography}, issn = {1562-1057}, eissn = {2476-6755}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Habibi, Parisa and Babazadeh, Seyed Ahmad and AlizadehketekLahijani, Hamid and Abasiyan, Hedyeh}, title = {Benthic Foraminifera Abundance of Sedimentary Sequence in Gorgan Bay, North Iran}, abstract ={The abundance of the benthic foraminifera has been studied along a 1.36m sediment core sample, taken from 3.8m depth of water in the Gorgan bay, south of the Caspian Sea using sedimentological and paleonotological proxies. Sedimentological studies show that the sediments are largely composed of silty sand that rarely changes along the core. The average Total Organic Matter (TOM) and carbonate content are 6.7% and 24.5%, respectively. Totally, six species of foraminifera were distinguished in the sedimentary column, including Ammonia beccarii, Elphidium littoralle capsicum, Elphidiella brotzkajae, Elphidium shochinae, Discorbis aguajoi, Cornuspira sp. which entirely belong to euryhalines. Although, the abundance is high, the results show poor diversity of the species. The abundance and distribution of the benthic foraminifera in the Gorgan Bay could be related to salinity changes, availability of nutrients as well as sea level fluctuation.}, Keywords = {Benthic foraminifera, Abundance, Diversity, Gorgan Bay.}, volume = {4}, Number = {15}, pages = {59-69}, publisher = {Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science}, url = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-420-en.html}, eprint = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-420-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Oceanography}, issn = {1562-1057}, eissn = {2476-6755}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Shanehsazzadeh, Ahmad and Moradvasi, Balal}, title = {Evaluation of the Application of One-Dimentional Non-Linear Shallow Water Equations in Nearshore Shallow Water}, abstract ={There are numbers of models for prediction of hydrodynamic parameters at nearshore according to different assumptions. However, the capability and comprehensiveness of the models in different conditions are still questionable. In this article, the results of numerical model based on Non-Linear Shallow Water (NSW) equations were compared to the results of MIKE21 BW 1DH which are based on Boussinesq equations in order to investigate the level of the accuracy of NSW in different beach slopes and bed particle sizes, under various incident wave conditions. The results of two numerical models in terms of water depth are also compared with field data. No clear advantage of Boussinesq model on NSW model is evident in prediction of water depth in the surf and swash zone. This will encourage application of NSW equation (due to relative simplicity) for prediction of sediment transport and beach profile evolution in the surf and swash zone.}, Keywords = {Non-Linear Shallow Water equations (NSW), Boussinesq equations, MIKE21 BW 1DH, Field data.}, volume = {4}, Number = {15}, pages = {71-82}, publisher = {Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science}, url = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-421-en.html}, eprint = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-421-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Oceanography}, issn = {1562-1057}, eissn = {2476-6755}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Rajabi, Samaneh and Chegini, Vahid and Lari, Kamran and Kamranzad, Bahareh and Hosseini, Seyed Taleb}, title = {Numerical Modeling of Wind Wave in the Anzali Using SWAN Model}, abstract ={Designing marine structures including shore or offshore requires information about wave regime. For this purpose, different methods were used including empirical methods and numerical models to simulate the wave characteristics. SWAN (Simulating Waves Nearshore) which has been developed for shallow waters had been used for modeling the waves in Anzali port. Wind data obtained from Europe central middle weather forecasting (ECMWF) on 2003 were used as model input and Bathymetry was obtained from NOAA site. To achieve more accurate results, the model was firstly ran in the whole Caspian Sea and then, in Anzali port. Boundary condition of local model was extracted from Caspian Sea model. Calibration of the model was carried out using measured wave data. For verifying, the results were compared to those obtained from the project ISWM. The results indicate acceptable accuracy compared to buoy measurements. However, the modeled peak period is underestimated. Therefore, a correction factor should be considered for peak period.}, Keywords = {Modeling, Wind Wavr, Anzali, SWAN.}, volume = {4}, Number = {15}, pages = {83-92}, publisher = {Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science}, url = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-422-en.html}, eprint = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-422-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Oceanography}, issn = {1562-1057}, eissn = {2476-6755}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Sayareh, Jafar and Iranshahi, Sobhan and Tahmak, Hamid Rez}, title = {Analyzing and Prioritizing the Effective Factors on the Job Satisfaction of Personnel of Ports and Maritime Organization in Imam Khomeini Port}, abstract ={There are many factors affecting job satisfaction which are different among organizations dependending on the culture, size, kind of the productions and services and other environmental conditions. The aim of the present research is to study and prioritize the factors influencing job satisfaction among the personnel of Imam Khomeini port main office of Ports and Maritime Organization. Data was collected from 140 employees using Randomsampling technique. The research tools included two questionnaires. The first questioner contained the questions related to the employees’ personal information and the second contained questions related to job satisfaction. The Analytical results obtained from the first questionnaires showed the relationship between personal characteristics and job satisfaction and the second one showed that the factors influencing job satisfaction by order of priority and specifies position of the needs in Maslow’s hierarchy of needs.}, Keywords = {Job Satisfaction, Motivation Factors, Imam Khomeini Port.}, volume = {4}, Number = {15}, pages = {93-102}, publisher = {Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science}, url = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-423-en.html}, eprint = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-423-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Oceanography}, issn = {1562-1057}, eissn = {2476-6755}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {TaghaviMotlagh, Seyed Amin and HakimElahi, Maryam and GhodratiShojaei, Mehdi}, title = {Ecological Relationships of Some Aquatic Species in the Persian Gulf Coastal Ecosystem (Hormozgan Province): An Ecopath Preliminary Approach}, abstract ={As there are gaps in applying an ecosystem approach to fisheries assessment and multispecific ecosystem based-management in the Persian Gulf, feeding ecology and trophic relationships of some of the important fishspecies (Sillago sihama, Pomadasys kaakan, Parastromateus niger, Rastrelliger kanagurta, Psettodes erumei, Drepane punctata, Lutjanus malabaricus, Lethrinus nebulosus, Acanthopagrus latus and Otolithes ruber) were studied in the coastal waters of Hormozgan Province (Persian Gulf). The stomach contents of 2480 trawling fish were studied between November 2009 and December 2011 by random sampling method. A multispecific ecosystem-based approach on trophic relationships and their possible variations was built using the ECOPATH software system (ver. 6.3). The results of this study indicated that the trophic levels of the species varied between 2 to 4.30, in which Liza klunzingeri and Lethrinus nebulosus showed lowest and highest values, respectively. In addition, any changes in the prey biomass could affect the biodiversity and, in the long run, the biomass of the main groups of the food chain in the Persian Gulf.}, Keywords = {Feeding relationships, Trophic level, Stomach contents, Persian Gulf, ECOPATH.}, volume = {4}, Number = {16}, pages = {1-13}, publisher = {Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science}, doi = {10.29252/JOC.2019.10.2141}, url = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-462-en.html}, eprint = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-462-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Oceanography}, issn = {1562-1057}, eissn = {2476-6755}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Farzadfar, Fariba and Heidari, Behrooz and GhafooriRahimabadi, Zomorro}, title = {Morphohistology of Male Gonad in the Caspian Sea Kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum)}, abstract ={In this study, for the investigation of testicular structure and pattern of reproductive cycle in the male Caspian kutum, the sampling was achieved monthly from Jefrood coasts (Anzali, Guilan province, 37º 27´ N 49º 33´ E) from October 2011 to late April 2012. After macroscopic observations and photographing position of sexual organ, the male gonad sections were removed and fixed in Bouin’s solution. After applying of various steps of histological method, 5 micron sections were prepared, then stained with hematoxylin– eosin and finally were examined by optical microscope equipped with a camera. The results showed that the developmental stages of kutum testis were divided into four stages. In Stage I (early maturing), the testes were thin and contained the spermatogonia and the primary spermatocyt. In stage II (late maturing), the primary and secondary spermatocytes were the most visible cells. In matured stage (stage III), all developmental stages of spermatogenesis were observed. In stage IV (ripe), the largest volume of theabdominal cavity occupied with lobules and they were full of spermatid and DNA carrier spermatozoa. In general, the pattern of testicular growth was lobular system in the Caspian kutum and the process of sperm formation was done in the defined period from October to April.}, Keywords = {Rutilus frisii kutum, Caspian Sea, Testis, Sperm, Histology.}, volume = {4}, Number = {16}, pages = {15-22}, publisher = {Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science}, url = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-463-en.html}, eprint = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-463-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Oceanography}, issn = {1562-1057}, eissn = {2476-6755}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Negintaji, Ahmad and Archangi, Bita and Movahedinia, Abdolali and Safahieh, Alireza and Eskandari, Gholamrez}, title = {Use of Thyroid Hormones and Micronucleus as Potential Early Biomarkers in Yellowfin Seabream (Acanthopagrus latus) Exposed to Bisphenol A}, abstract ={Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine disruptor (ED) that is abundant in marine environments because of its extensive use in manufacturing polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins. In the present study, effects of BPA on thyroid hormones and blood cells were investigated to detect endocrine and cytogenetic damages in yellowfin seabream inhabited in selected sites in Musa Creek. The results indicated significant reduction in plasma triiodothyronine and high level of plasma thyroxine in treated fishes in comparison to the control groups and in dose dependent manner. In addition, using Micronucleus test (MN) showed induction of micronucleus in exposed fish samples. Therefore, the results of this project indicated the potential effects of (BPA) causing endocrine disruption and cytogenetic damages. Hence, monitoring thyroid hormones and undertaking MN test could be useful to evaluate the potential damage occurred in the fish samples either in controlled or natural marine environments.}, Keywords = {Thyroid hormones, Bisphenol A, Xenobiotic, Intraperitoneal injection, Yellowfin seabream (Acanthopagrus latus).}, volume = {4}, Number = {16}, pages = {23-32}, publisher = {Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science}, url = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-464-en.html}, eprint = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-464-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Oceanography}, issn = {1562-1057}, eissn = {2476-6755}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {TajdarNasrabadi, Mohadeseh and Akrami, Rez}, title = {Effects of Fructo- and Mannan Oligosaccharide Supplements on Growth Performance, Survival Rate, Body Biochemichal Composition and Resistance Rate of Roach (Rutilus rutilus) Fry}, abstract ={In this study, single or combined effect of fructo- and mannan oligosaccharide supplements on growth performance, survival, body composition and resistance rate in juvenile Roach (Rutilus rutilus caspicus) were investigated for 10 weeks. Commercial roach diet (containing 38.45 percent protein and 9.87 percent lipid) were supplemented with 0 (control), 5 g kg-1 Fos, 5 g kg-1 MOS and 2.5 g kg-1 Fos + 2.5 g kg-1 MOS. Juvenile roach, initially weighing an average of 1.45 ± 0.11 g, were distributed at a stocking density of 50 fish per tank and fed up a day. There were no significant differences in growth and feeding parameters between fish fed control and MOS and FOS supplementation diets (P>0.05). The highest and the lowest growth performance were observed in 5 g kg-1 FOS and combined treatment, respectively. There were no significant differences in survival rate among experimental groups (P>0.05). There were significant difference in crude lipid carcass between control and 5 g kg-1 MOS group (P<0.05), while no significant difference was observed in protein carcass between treatment (P>0.05). At the end of experiment, there were no significant difference in survival index to thermal (40°C), salinity (14.7 ppt), and acidity (pH=2) stress. In the test of alkalinity stress, minimum of survival time was obtained in control group (P<0.05). The result indicated that including the price index, 5 g kg-1 MOS could improve growth performance and survival in some of the stress tests juvenile roach.}, Keywords = {Fructo oligosaccharide, Mannan oligosaccharide, Growth, Survival, Salinity stress, Rutilus rutilus caspicus.}, volume = {4}, Number = {16}, pages = {33-44}, publisher = {Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science}, url = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-465-en.html}, eprint = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-465-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Oceanography}, issn = {1562-1057}, eissn = {2476-6755}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Soleimanirad, Asieh and Kamrani, Ehsan and Keshavarz, Musa and Bahremand, Morteza and Vazirizade, Amir}, title = {Comparison of Diversity and Distribution of Polychaetes in the Western and Eastern Jask Protected Areas in Jask Port (Gulf of Oman)}, abstract ={This research was carried out to compare diversity and distribution of polychaetes in western and eastern Jask creeks protected areas in Jask Port (Gulf of Oman), located in the East of Hormozgan province. Sampling of sediments was done seasonally from fall 2009 to summer 2010 by 0.04m2 Van Veen Grab, in three stations including mouth, middle and end of each creek. A total of 72 sediment samples were taken from the stations. In this study, 20 species belonging to 16 families in the easten Jask area with a frequency of 9075 per m2 and 17 species belonging to 13 families in the western Jask area with a frequency of 4800 per m2 were identified. Polychaetes families were mainly consist of Nereididae, Owenidae, Capitellidae and Pilargidae. Ecological indices including Shannon - Wiener, Margalef and Simpson also were calculated. The average of Shannon index in different seasons and stations of eastern Jask (1.02±0.47) were higher than the western Jask (0.898±0.74). Correlation analysis between environmental factors and polychaetes showed that the abundance of polychaetes has a significant positive correlation with the temperature, oxygen, salinity and EC (P<0.05). Results of ANOVA revealed no significant differences between indices in different seasons (P>0.05). The results of Kruskal-Wallis test showed significant differences between the abundance of polychaetes in the eastern and western Jask (P<0.05). In additon, the results of this test indicated a significant difference in the abundance of polychaetes, between summer and fall and also between summer and winter, in both of Eastern and Western Jask (P<0.05).}, Keywords = {Diversity, Distribution, Polychaetes, Jask, Gulf of Oman.}, volume = {4}, Number = {16}, pages = {45-53}, publisher = {Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science}, url = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-466-en.html}, eprint = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-466-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Oceanography}, issn = {1562-1057}, eissn = {2476-6755}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Sharifian, Salim and AttaranFariman, Gil}, title = {Investigation of Relation between Muscle Fiber Destruction and Water Holding Capacity of Hammor (Epinephelus coioides) Fillets During Refrigerated Storage}, abstract ={This study was done to investigate the relationship between microstructure destruction and water holding capacity (Water holding capacity, WHC) of Hammor (Epinephelus coioides) fillets, after caught and during refrigerated storage (4°C). 30 fresh Hammor samples were provided from Hormozgan Pier Fishing in 2012 and manually filleted. The fillets were stored in a refrigerator for 14 days and pH, WHC, and muscle fibers indexes were evaluated on days 0, 4, 7, 10 and 14 of storage. WHC of fillets decreased during days of storage and the distance between muscle fibers increased (P<0.05). Liquid loss and water loss increased from % 13.7 and 12.7 at the initial storage to % 23.9 and 21.3 at the end day of storage, respectively. Changes in the distance between fibers were in the range of % 4.70- 59.25. The results showed that the increase of liquid leakage and decrease of WHC was probably due to destruction of muscle fibers at the end days of storage.}, Keywords = {Muscle fibers, Water Holding Capacity, Hammor (Epinephelus coioides) fillets, Refrigerated storage.}, volume = {4}, Number = {16}, pages = {55-61}, publisher = {Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science}, url = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-467-en.html}, eprint = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-467-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Oceanography}, issn = {1562-1057}, eissn = {2476-6755}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {PouraliFoshtomi, Hamidreza and YazdaniSadati, Mohammad Ali and PeykaranMana, Nemat and Hafezieh, Mahmoud and DaraviGhaziani, Saj}, title = {Effects of Supplemental Lysine and Methionine on Growth Performance and Survival Rates of Persian Sturgeon (Acipenser persicus) Fingerlings}, abstract ={The Current study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation of lysine and/or methionine on growth performance and survival rates in Persian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus) fingerlings reared under culture conditions in Iran for fifty days from 15 June 2011 to 6 August 2011. Experimental fish were fed five practical diets supplemented with 0 (as a control diet), 1 and 3 % of lysine and methionine in a 2×2 factorial design experiment. The experimental groups were fed in triplicate. A total of 360 A.persicus fingerlings with an average weight of 1.8 ± 0.3 g (mean±SD) and an average total length of 7.1 ± 2 (mean±SD) cm were randomly allocated to eighteen 50-L aerated tanks (20 fish in each tank) with flow rate of about 0.2 l/min. The results indicated that there were significant differences in growth performance among treatment. Maximum weight gain (10.1± 2.5 g), body weight increase (461.9±138.6 %) and special growth rate (10.7± 0.7%) occurred at 3% dietary methionine and lysine. But the survival rates were not significantly affected by dietary lysine and methionine levels.}, Keywords = {Acipenser persicus, Methionine, Lysine, Nutrition, Growth, Feed Conversion Ratio.}, volume = {4}, Number = {16}, pages = {63-75}, publisher = {Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science}, url = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-468-en.html}, eprint = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-468-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Oceanography}, issn = {1562-1057}, eissn = {2476-6755}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Maktabi, Tahereh and Hosseinzadeh, Homayoun and Safaeian, Shil}, title = {Endocrine Disrupting Effects of Nonylphenol Ethoxylates on Plasma Testosterone Levels in Zebra Cichlid (Cichlasoma nigrofasciatum)}, abstract ={Hormone disruptors are chemicals that interact with endocrine system in human and especially water aquatic animals. In this study, the effects of nonylphenolethoxylates on plasma testosterone have been investigated in Zebra Cichlid (Cichlasoma nigrofasciatum). Fishes were exposed to three concentrations of nonylphenolethoxylates, 10 , 50 and 100 μg / l compare to control (0 μg / l) and blank (Ethanol control) in three different size classes (average weight 3±0.1g., 4±0.3g., 5±0.1g.) with 3 replicates. Zebra fish (n= 840) were examined during 60 days in glass aquariums. Blood testosterone levels were analyzed by radioimmunoassay technique. The results showed that all 10, 50 and 100 μg / l nonylphenolethoxylates concentrations have affected the blood plasma testosterone levels. Also, there were significant differences between testosterone concentration in different weight groups (P<0.01). Nonylphenolethoxylates can disrupt plasma testosterone levels with more than10 μg / l concentrationvia hypothalamus-pituitary axis.}, Keywords = {Nonylphenolethoxylates, Hormone disruptors, Zebra cichlid, Testosterone.}, volume = {4}, Number = {16}, pages = {77-83}, publisher = {Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science}, url = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-469-en.html}, eprint = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-469-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Oceanography}, issn = {1562-1057}, eissn = {2476-6755}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Derakhshesh, Negin and Savari, Ahmad and DoustShenas, Babak and DehghanMadise, Simin and Doraghi, Abdolmaji}, title = {Histological Study of Reproduction Indices in Dysidea fragilis Species (phylum: Porifera)}, abstract ={Sponges are one of the most important resources in marine natural productions. Therefore, it is essential to study their reproductive biology for protection and management of these species in aquatic ecosystemes. Despite broad biological knowledge, the role of reproduction in the structuring and maintenance of sponge population is limited. For this purpose, we studied reproductive biology of sponge (Dysidea fragilis) over a year. Samples were collected by diving in artificial reefs (12M) in Bahrakan, located in Northwest of the Persian Gulf. The samples were fixed in methanol, rinsing in 70% ethanol and run through an alcohols and xylene sequence. Paraffin blocks were made and serial 5 μm microtome sections were stained with H&P. The sea water temperature appears to play a fundamental role in the sponge reproductive process. The results showed that the onset and progression of reproduction in Dysidea fragilis coincided with water temperature and photoperiod. Synchronized, spermatocyties and Oogenesis were present in the spongocell. Oogenesis and spermatocyties occurred from least autumn and the maximum sizes over the sampling period were 18.24±8.11 and 8.47±5.11 μm (mean±SE), respectively. Maximum size in emberyo was 75.302±0.05. As sponges are now recognized as one of the richest sources of marine natural productions, understanding the reproductive biology of them is essential for the effective management and conservation of the organisms population.}, Keywords = {Sponge, Histology, Cell Reproduction, Dysidea fragilis, Persian Gulf.}, volume = {4}, Number = {16}, pages = {85-93}, publisher = {Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science}, url = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-470-en.html}, eprint = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-470-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Oceanography}, issn = {1562-1057}, eissn = {2476-6755}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Habibi, Samaneh and Sharifipour, Rozita and Danehkar, Afshi}, title = {Investigation of Physical Sensitivity of Hormozgan Shore Line by Environmental Sensitivity Index (ESI) Guidelines}, abstract ={This study investigated the sensitivity of seashores by Environment Sensitivity Index (ESI) of American National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) method. Moreover, physical sensitivity of Hormozgan shore line was determined based on NOAA models, Habitat Priority Planner (HPP) and Geographical Information System (GSI). The results of present study showed that 10 major layers and 24 minor layers related codes have been recognized in the 1040 Km of Hormozgan coast. In this respect, layer 10D with 319.87 Km width has accounted for most of the coastal area with 28.13 percent. Layer 3A with 110.13 Km long contains 9.7 percent of the eastern and central coasts after layer 10D. Layer 1A with 93.87 Km expansion and 8.26 percent rate have third place in sensitive layers abundance chart. The results showed that this area is very sensitive to the potential disasters and oil pollutions and needs optimum shoreline management.}, Keywords = {Environment Sensitivity Index (ESI), Physical sensitivity, Geographical Information System (GSI), Hormozgan shore line.}, volume = {4}, Number = {16}, pages = {95-100}, publisher = {Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science}, url = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-471-en.html}, eprint = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-471-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Oceanography}, issn = {1562-1057}, eissn = {2476-6755}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Fallah, Mohammad Amir and Abiri, Habibolah}, title = {Geomagnetic Anomaly Due to Moving Body in Shallow Water}, abstract ={Wake is hydrodynamic footprint of a vessel at sea. The Earth's magnetic field makes these footprints visible using magnetic sensors. Geomagnetic anomalies induced by the motion of vessels may extend several kilometers and stay up long hours under certain conditions. Physical properties of this geomagnetic anomaly are studied in this paper. A mathematical model is derived to simulate the anomaly in shallow waters. It is shown that the peak of geomagnetic anomaly spectrum is located in the range of frequencies where the corresponding value of the ambient noise spectrum is less significant. In addition, it is shown that there is an optimum depth in which the geomagnetic anomaly has a maximum. Variation of the geomagnetic anomaly with vessel speed is studied and it is shown that higher speed vessels make stronger anomalies in geomagnetic field.}, Keywords = {Geomagnetic anomaly, Shallow water, Magnetometer, Vessel, Mathematical model.}, volume = {4}, Number = {16}, pages = {101-108}, publisher = {Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science}, url = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-472-en.html}, eprint = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-472-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Oceanography}, issn = {1562-1057}, eissn = {2476-6755}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Madani, S. Zia E.}, title = {Geographical Scope of the Legal Regime on Marine Scientific Research in Different Marine Areas Under The UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (1982)}, abstract ={This article deals with the geographical scope of the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (1982) and specifically the geographical scope of the legal regime governing marine scientific research there in. Accordingly, each marine area starting from the baseline would be studied separately in order to draw a clear-cut picture of the MSR regime status both for the coastal as well as the researching states within Internal Waters, Territorial Sea, Contagious Zone, EEZ and Continental Shelf, High seas and the Area. Among the said marine areas, EEZ and Continental Shelf seem to have attracted far more attentions of marine scientists due to their special characteristics namely appropriate depth, hence been given a more complicated legal regime for MSR activities. Eventually, the article at hand would analyze terms and conditions envisaged in the UNCLOS in order for researching state demanding access to coastal state marine areas for the MSR purposes to obtain consent of the latter.}, Keywords = {Law of the Sea, International Law, Marine Research Installations, Marine Science, Legal Regime.}, volume = {4}, Number = {16}, pages = {109-123}, publisher = {Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science}, url = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-473-en.html}, eprint = {http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-473-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Oceanography}, issn = {1562-1057}, eissn = {2476-6755}, year = {2014} }