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Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science
Journal of Oceanography
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2012-10
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1
12
article
Identification of Iranian Subtidal Portunid Crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) of the Oman Sea with First Record of 5 Species
Negar Ghotbeddin
ghotbeddiny2005@gmail.com
1
Reza Fatemi
2
Tooraj Valinassab
3
In this study, Portunid crabs of Sistan and Baluchistan were identified. Sampling was carried out at 7
stations in subtidal zones of Sistan and Baluchistan coast (North of the Gulf of Oman) in summer 2009 and
fall 2010 by trawl net. The samples were fixed in alcohol 70% and shipped to laboratory for identification.
In this study, all of 9 species belonged to Portunid family included: Charybdis (charybdis) helleri,
Charybdis (charybdis) feriata, Charybdis (charybdis) mile, Charybdis (Goniobellenus) hoplites,
Charybdis (Goniobellenus) smithii, Thalamita crenata, Portunus segnis, Portunus sanguinolentus and
Scylla serrata. The 5 species Charybdis (Charybdis) helleri, Charybdis (Charybdis) mile, Charybdis
(Goniobellenus) smithii, Thalamita crenata, and Scylla serrata are reported for first time from the Iranian
side of the Gulf of Oman. The species name of Portunus pelagis Linnaeus, 1758 has changed to Portunus
segnis Forskål, 1775.
http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-235-en.pdf
Brachyuran Crabs
Identification
Subtidal
Portunidae
Gulf of Oman.
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Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science
Journal of Oceanography
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article
Biomass Determination of Corals in Artificial Reefs in Northwest of the Persian Gulf (Bahrekan)
Fariba Heidari
faribahdr@ gmail.com
1
Ahmad Savari
2
Simin Dehghan Madiseh
3
Mohamad Bagher Nabavi
4
This study was carried out in order to biomass determination of stony and soft corals in 7 and 6 year old
artificial substrate in Bahrekan coastal water in Northwest of the Persian Gulf. Seasonal sampling from 4
stations was done by SCUBA diving from May 2009 to February 2010. The samples were randomly
obtained by using quadrates of 0.25×0.25 m. Determination of wet weight showed that these artificial reefs
were strongly dominated by soft corals. Moreover, total biomass of cnidarians did not shown any
significant differences for the sampling months (P<0.05). Biomass of soft corals shows that this
substratum provide optimum conditions required for successful colonization, which include spatial
orientation, an adequate light regime and exposure to flow.
http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-236-en.pdf
Artificial habitats
Biomass
Corals
Persian Gulf.
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Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science
Journal of Oceanography
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2012-10
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31
article
Plankton Assemblage Changed in Southern Offshore Bushehr Waters
Mahnaz Rabbaniha
1
Gholamreza Izadpanahi
2
Fatemeh Mohsenizadeh
3
Fereidoon Owfi
4
Spatial and temporal variation of the plankton assemblages were analyzed by PCA with supplementary
variables. Seasonal sampling was performed one year (2001). Samples were collected from offshore
Bushehr waters. Phytoplankton was collected by Niksin bottle sampler, and zooplankton by plankton net
(100 μm) at 10 selected stations.
Temporal compositions of the plankton assemblages were found to be different with hydrological
parameters. Dominant phytoplankton assemblage during the warm period were included Oscillatoria,
Phormidium and Alexandrium, and zooplankton assemblage were included Nauplius, Harpacticoid and
Bivalves. Dominant phytoplankton assemblage in cold condition included Pleurosigma, Thallassiothrix
and Oscillatoria, while zooplankton were Nauplii and Cyclopoid. There was a significant difference
between warm and cold season period in phytoplankton diversity whereas zooplankton diversity did not
have significant differences. The result of PCA on Phytoplankton assemblage showed negative correlation
with temperature and conductivity and positive with nutrient. Also, the most different situation was in
layers of more than 50 m. Zooplankton assemblages were correlated with different parameters of different
depth layers. This relation changed with different hydrological conditions.
http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-237-en.pdf
Plankton Assemblage
Hydrological Condition
Offshore
Bushehr Waters
Persian Gulf.
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Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science
Journal of Oceanography
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41
article
The Study of Heavy Metals (Hg, Cd, Pb and Cu) Levels in Sediments of North-West of Persian Gulf - Imam Khomeini Port
Ali Azimi
a.azimi@inio.ac.ir
1
Ali Dadolahi Sohrab
2
Alireza Safahieh
3
Hosein Zolgharnein
4
Ahmad Savari
5
Iraj Faghiri
6
The port of Imam Khomeini is located in the north-west of the Persian Gulf where ships and vessels traffic
and the existence of several industries especially petrochemical industries caused the influx of various
organic and non-organic contaminants such as heavy metals into the ecosystem. Heavy metals are the
major group of dangerous contaminants in marine environment. Due to their persistence, they may enter
aquatic food chains and transfer from one trophic level to another. They may be harmful for human being
which is placed at the top of the food chain. In this study, sediments were sampled from 5 stations
including harbors of Petroshimi, Doc Sorsoreh, No.15, No. 28 and No. 33 in the port of Imam Khomeini
during March 2010. The samples were freeze dried and acid digested in order to determine their heavy
metal content using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. The ranges of Hg, Cd, Pb and Cu in sediments
were 0.5 to 4.4, ND (≤0.5), 3.2 to 8.2 and 15.2 to 19.8μg/g of dry weight respectively. The highest
contamination of Hg, Pb and Cu were measured in harbor of Petroshimi station while the lowest level of
these metals was measured in harbor No. 28. Among all metals, concentration of Hg in sediments were
more than standard limits. This can be dangerous for public health. Therefore, regular monitoring of heavy
metals, especially mercury in this area is recommended.
http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-238-en.pdf
Pollution
Heavy metals
Sediments
Imam Khomeini Port
Persian Gulf.
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Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science
Journal of Oceanography
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53
article
Trend of Macronutrients Fluctuation of Waterin the Iranian Coasts of Southern Caspian Sea
Hasan Nasrollahzadeh Saravi
hnsaravi@yahoo.com
1
Reza Pourgholam
2
Fariba Vahedi
3
Asieh Makhlough
4
Ebrahim Safavi
5
This study was conducted to nutrient concentrations of water in the southern Caspian Sea waters during
four seasons at 8 transects (Astra, Anzali, Sefidrud, Tonekabon, Nowshahr, Babolsar, Amirabad and
Bandar Turkman) during 2009-2010. 480 samples were collected at different layers of water and then
analyzed based on standard methods. Annual concentration of inorganic nitrogen (DIN= NH4+, NO2-,
NO3-) has a fairly wide variation. Percentage of nitrogen components out of DIN were varied 9-98, 0.2-
28.2 and 0.0-90.0 respectively. In this study, percentage of DIN was lower than 15% and organic nitrogen
(DON) was higher than 80%. Overall, results showed that DON was recorded lower than the previous
study (2008), but NH4+, NO3- and DSi were higher than the previous sampling period. Inorganic
phosphorous (DIP) and NO2- have not changed substantially. N/P ratio of Caspian Sea has a narrow range
which order of magnificent lower than other seas. The results of the present study showed that Caspian
ecosystem was nitrogen limitation (N/P20).
http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-240-en.pdf
Macronutrients
Water
Iranian Coast
Caspian Sea.
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Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science
Journal of Oceanography
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63
article
Determination the Origin of the Barium Element in the Sediments of Southern Shores of the Caspian Sea (Case Study: Larym and Farahabad Regions)
Azam Davoudi
davoudi242@gmail.com
1
Razyeh Lak
2
Behruz Bahramabadi
3
Barium is a chemical element which located in Group 2 of the periodic table. This study was performed
with the aim of identifying its origin and its relationship with other elements in sediments due to the
sudden increase in the concentration of this element in sediment samples taken from the south Caspian Sea
in Sari Larym range. Granolometery analysis and ICP were performed and the results were analyzed using
statistical parameters such as sorting, skewness, roundness, cluster analysis, correlation coefficient and
factor analysis. Heterogeneity of the barium element with geogenic, biogenic elements and clay minerals
indicated that the origin of this element can be anthropogenic. The findings suggest that the barium
element has increased dramatically in the lagoon facies of studied area. This can be due to entering
environmental contaminants of the Caspian Sea water to the lagoons and due to the alkaline conditions and
high PH created by the photosynthesis of algae which leads to a favorable condition for preservation of
this element.
http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-241-en.pdf
Environmental
Barium
Caspian Sea
Farah Abad
Larym.
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Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science
Journal of Oceanography
1562-1057
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2012-10
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72
article
Assessment of Heavy Metal Distribution in the Gorgan Bay
Hossein Bagheri
baghery1@gmail.com
1
Kazem Darvish Bastami
2
Taraneh Sharmad
3
Zahra Bagheri
4
Geochemical studies of sediments, water bodies like rivers, estuaries and the sea bed, can be an
effective step to find the source and distribution model assessment of environmental pollutants
in a region. Sediments are the final destination of heavy metals in aqueous environments, but
under the special situation, they can act as a source of water pollution. The presence of heavy
metals in aqueous environments causes many risks such as cancer, toxication and etc in
organisms. To study of the heavy metals concentration in Gorgan Bay in 15 stations, a core and
several surface samples were taken. Fine-grain sediments were used to determine heavy metals
concentration (Al, Sr, Ni, As, V, Fe, Co, Mn) applying inductivity coupled plasma-mass
spectrometry (ICP-MS). The ratio of metal concentration in surface sediments to the crust
sediments of the study area (Enrichment factors) were calculated in all stations and the obtained
results showed that this factor was at the range of 3-42 for different metals. Mapping of heavy
metals distribution indicates that the input of heavy metals from the river mouth (Grganrud,
Nekarud and Gharehsoo) probably is the most important reason for the high enrichment factors.
Geochemical indexes (Igeo) for all heavy metals were also determined and only the Igeo for
strontium were over the standard.
http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-242-en.pdf
Sediments
Heavy metals distribution
Gorgan Bay.
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Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science
Journal of Oceanography
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82
article
Survey of Heavy Metals Cd, Cu, Ni and Zn Accumulation in the Sediment and Different Tissues of Avicennia marina in Gulf of Gowater, Oman Sea
Fatemeh Einollahi peer
fateme.eynollahi@yahoo.com
1
The sediment samples and Avicennia marina tissues including root, steam, leaf and flower were collected
from Gulf of Gowater in summer 2010. After preparation of samples, the concentration of heavy metals
was measured by using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The accumulation pattern of heavy metals in
the sediment was obtained Ni>Zn>Cu>Cd. This pattern for root, steam, Leaf and flower were determined
Ni>Cu>Zn>Cd, Zn>Cu>Ni>Cd, Zn>Cu>Ni>Cd and Zn>Cu>Ni>Cd respectively. According to the BCF
(Bioconcentration Factor) values, mangrove tissues can be used as a bioindicator for contamination of Cd.
whereas root and steam can be used as bioindicators for contamination of copper in Gowater and root can
be used for Ni monitoring in this area. Plant tissues are not useful tools as bioindicators to detect
contamination of Zn in the area. High TF (Transition Factor) values for root indicate that the root has
significant role for metal transferring from root to other the plant tissues. Different metal ratios between A.
marina tissues and sediment can be related to the character of heavy metals to be essential or not for plant.
http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-243-en.pdf
Heavy metals
Sediment
Mangrove
Gulf of Gowater.
per
Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science
Journal of Oceanography
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90
article
Effect of Silver Nanoparticles on Bacterial Flora of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Skin
Hamid Salari-Joo
1
Mohammad Reza Kalbassi
kalbassi_m@modares.ac.ir
2
Esmail Abdollahzadeh
3
Silver Nanoparticles included 56 % of total manufactured Nanomaterials due to its anti-bacterial properties
in the world. Therefore, the release of Silver Nanoparticles to water ecosystems will make an irreparable
damage to biota, especially to natural bacterial flora. The purpose of this study is to investigate the Silver
Nanoparticles effects on the bacterial flora of rainbow trout skin. To ensure the quality of the Silver
Nanoparticles, the ICP, Zetasizer, TEM, EDX, and Uv-vis Spectrophotometer sets were used. Also, the
population’s mesophilic bacteria, psychrophile, Enterobacteriaceae and Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) of skin
after 14 days kept of fish in 1, 0.1 and control group of Silver Nanoparticle concentrations were counted
by pour plate method. Results of the study showed that the fish skin LAB bacteria decreased significantly
with the increase of Silver Nanoparticle concentration and mesophile and Enterobacteriaceae were less
affected. Whereas, population of fish skin psychrophile bacteria significantly increased with enhancing of
Silver Nanoparticles concentration. Analysis of result suggested that according to the type of studied group
of bacteria, an antibacterial property of Silver Nanoparticles is selective and different.
http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-244-en.pdf
Silver Nanoparticles
Bacterial flora
Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).
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Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science
Journal of Oceanography
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article
Areas of Interrelation between Marine Scientific Research and Marine Environmental Protection: An International Legal Approach
Zia E. Madani
z.madani@inio.ac.ir
1
Marine Scientific Research is a research process through which human beings obtain knowledge of the
environment and find ways of how to protect and preserve thereof. Based on the said definition, this article
argues that marine scientific research is closely interrelated with marine environmental protection. From
the international law of the sea perspective, evaluation and analysis of the interrelation between the two
concepts within the international legal instruments, namely and most importantly, 1982 United Nations
Convention on the Law of the Sea possesses an outstanding significance. Implementation of a marine
scientific research should, on the one hand, respects and complies with the relevant international rules and
regulations, namely international environmental law, and on the other, the very marine scientific research
is basically and primarily implemented with the aim to enhance the human knowledge on a more effective
protection of the (marine) environment.
http://joc.inio.ac.ir/article-1-245-en.pdf
Marine Environment
Marine Scientific Research
International Law of the Sea
UN 1982 Convention on the Law of the Sea
International Environmental Law.