32. Browne, M.A.; Galloway, T.; Thompson, R.C., 2007. Microplastic an emerging contaminant of potential concern?. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management, 3: 559-561. [ DOI:10.1002/ieam.5630030412] 33. Besseling, E.; Foekema, E.M.; Van Franeker, J.A.; Leopold, M.F.; Kuhn, S.; Rebolledo, E.L.; Hesse, E.; Mielke, L.; Jzer, I.J.; Kamminga. P.; Koelmans, A.A., 2015. Microplastic in a macro filter feeder: Humpback whale Megaptera novaeangliae. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 95(1): 248-252. [ DOI:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.04.007] 34. Cole, M.; Lindeque, P.; Halsband, C.; Galloway, T.S., 2011. Microplastics as contaminants in the marine environment: a review. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 62(12): 2588-2597. [ DOI:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.09.025] 35. Claessens, M.; Van Cauwenberghe, L.; Vandegehuchte, B.M.; Janssen, R.C., 2013. New techniques for the detection of microplastics in sediments and field collected organisms. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 70(1): 227-233. [ DOI:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.03.009] 36. Derraik, J.G.B., 2002. The pollution of the marine environment by plastic debris: a review. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 44: 842-852. [ DOI:10.1016/S0025-326X(02)00220-5] 37. Dekiff, J.H.; Remy, D.; Klasmeier, J.; Fries, E., 2014. Occurrence and spatial distribution of microplastics in sediments from Norderney. Environment Pollution, 186: 248-256. [ DOI:10.1016/j.envpol.2013.11.019] 38. Gregory, M.R., 1996. Plastic scrubbers in hand cleansers: a further and minor source for marine pollution identified. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 32: 867-871. [ DOI:10.1016/S0025-326X(96)00047-1] 39. Graham, E.; Thompson, J., 2009. Deposit and suspension-feeding sea cucumbers (Echinodermata) ingest plastic fragments. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 368: 22-29. [ DOI:10.1016/j.jembe.2008.09.007] 40. Hidalgo-Ruz, V.; Gutow, L.; Thompson, R.C.; Thiel, M., 2012. Microplastics in the marine environment: a review of the methods used for identification and quantification. Environment Scince & Technology, 46(6): 3060-3075. [ DOI:10.1021/es2031505] 41. Ivar do Sul, J.A.; Spengler, A.; Costa, M.F., 2009. Here, there and everywhere. Small plastic fragments and pellets on beaches of Fernando de Noronha (Equatorial Western Atlantic). Marine Pollution Bulletin, 58: 1236-1238. [ DOI:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2009.05.004] 42. Kim, I.S.; Chae, D.H.; Kim, S.K.; Choi, S.; Woo, S.B., 2015. Factors influencing the spatial variation of microplastics on high-tidal coastal beaches in Korea. Arch Environment. Contam Toxicol, 15: 155-6. [ DOI:10.1007/s00244-015-0155-6] 43. Liebezeit, G.; Dubaish, F., 2012. Microplastics in beaches of the East Frisian islands Spiekeroog and Kachelotplate. Bulletin Environment Contam Toxicol, 89(1): 213-217. [ DOI:10.1007/s00128-012-0642-7] 44. Latiff, A.; Faridah-Hanum, I., 2014. Mangrove ecosystem of Malaysia. status, challenges and management strategies. New York: Springer, 1-22PP. 45. Moore, C.J., 2008. Synthetic polymers in the marine environment: a rapidly increasing, long-term threat. Environmental Research, 108: 131-139. [ DOI:10.1016/j.envres.2008.07.025] 46. Manual of Oceanographic Observations and Pollutant Analyses Methods (MOOPAM), 2010. Regional organization for the protection of the marine environment. Kuwait (fourth edition), II-24P. 47. Ng, K.L.; Obbard, J.P., 2006. Prevalence of microplastics in Singapore's coastal marine environment. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 52(7): 761-767. [ DOI:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2005.11.017] 48. Nor, N.H.M.; Obbard, J.P., 2014. Microplastics in Singapore's coastal mangrove ecosystems. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 79: 278-283. [ DOI:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.11.025] 49. Nuelle, M.T.; Dekiff, J.H.; Remy, D.; Fries, E., 2014. A new analytical approach for monitoring microplastics in marine sediments. Environment Pollution, 184: 161-169. [ DOI:10.1016/j.envpol.2013.07.027] 50. Naji, A.; Esmaili, Z.; Khan, F.R., 2017a. Plastic debris and microplastics along the beaches of the Strait of Hormuz, Persian Gulf. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 114: 1057-1062. [ DOI:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.11.032] 51. Naji, A.; Esmaili, Z.; Mason, S.A.; Vethaak, A.D., 2017b. The occurrence of microplastics contamination in littoral sediments of the Persian Gulf, Iran. Environment Science Pollution Research, 24: 20459-20468. [ DOI:10.1007/s11356-017-9587-z] 52. Patel, M.M.; Goyal, B.R.; Bhadada, S.V.; Bhatt, J.S.; Amin, A.F., 2009. Getting into the brain: approaches to enhance brain drug delivery. CNS Drugs, 23: 35-58. [ DOI:10.2165/0023210-200923010-00003] 53. Qiu, Q.; Peng, J.; Yu, X.; Chen, F.; Wang, J.; Dong, F., 2015. Occurrence of microplastics in the coastal marine environment: First observation on sediment of China. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 98(1-2): 274-280. [ DOI:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.07.028] 54. Ryan, P.G.; Moore, C.J.; van Franeker, J.A.; Moloney, C.L., 2009. Monitoring the abundance of plastic debris in the marine environment. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 364: 1999-2012. [ DOI:10.1098/rstb.2008.0207] 55. Rios Mendoza, L.M.; Jones, P.R., 2015. Characterization of microplastics and toxic chemicals extracted from microplastic samples from the North Pacific Gyre. Environmental Chemistry, 12(5): 611. [ DOI:10.1071/EN14236] 56. Stolte, A.; Forster, A.; Gerdts, G.; Schubert, H., 2015. Microplastic concentrations in beach sediments along the German Baltic coast. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 99(1-2): 216-229. [ DOI:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.07.022] 57. Thompson, R.C.; Olsen, Y.; Mitchell, R.P.; Davis, A.; Rowland, S.J.; John, A.W.G.; McGonigle, D.; Russell, A.E., 2004. Lost at sea: where is all the plastic?. Science, 304-838P. [ DOI:10.1126/science.1094559] 58. Thompson, R.C.; Moore, C.J.; Vom Saal, F.S.; Swan, S.H., 2009. Plastics, the environment and human health: current consensus and future trends. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 364:2153-2166. [ DOI:10.1098/rstb.2009.0053] 59. Teuten, E.L.; Saquing, J.M.; Knappe, D.R.U.; Barlaz, M.A.; Jonsson, S.; Bjarn, A.; Rowland, S.J.; Thompson, R.C.; Galloway, T.S.; Yamashita, R.; Ochi, D.; Watanuki,Y.; Moore, C.; Viet, P.H.; Tana, T.S.; Prudente, M.; Boonyatumanond, R.; Zakaria,M.P.; Akkhavong, K.; Ogata, Y.; Hirai, H.; Iwasa, S.; Mizukawa, K.; Hagino, Y.; Imamura, A.; Saha, M.; Takada, H., 2009. Transport and release of chemicals from plastics to the environment and to wildlife. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 364: 2027-2045. [ DOI:10.1098/rstb.2008.0284] 60. Vianello, A.; Boldrin, A.; Guerriero, P.; Moschino, V.; Rella, R.; Sturaro, A.; DaRos, L., 2013. Microplastic particles in sediments of Lagoon of Venice, Italy: First observations on occurrence, spatial patterns and identification. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 130: 54-61. [ DOI:10.1016/j.ecss.2013.03.022]
|